Texture loading: reduce memory allocations (#6623)

* rebase

* add methods Ryyjinx.Common EmbeddedResources and SteamUtils

* GAL changes - change SetData() methods and ThreadedTexture commands to use IMemoryOwner<byte> instead of SpanOrArray<byte>

* Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture: change texture conversion methods to return IMemoryOwner<byte> and allocate from ByteMemoryPool

* Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL: update ITexture and Texture-like types with SetData() methods to take IMemoryOwner<byte> instead of SpanOrArray<byte>

* Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan: update ITexture and Texture-like types with SetData() methods to take IMemoryOwner<byte> instead of SpanOrArray<byte>

* Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu: update ITexture and Texture-like types with SetData() methods to take IMemoryOwner<byte> instead of SpanOrArray<byte>

* Remove now-unused SpanOrArray<T>

* post-rebase cleanup

* PixelConverter: remove unsafe modifier on safe methods, and remove one unnecessary cast

* use ByteMemoryPool.Rent() in GetWritableRegion() impls

* fix formatting, rename `ReadRentedMemory()` to `ReadFileToRentedMemory()``

* Texture.ConvertToHostCompatibleFormat(): dispose of `result` in Astc decode branch

6 files changed, 76 insertions, 62 deletions

diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/Astc/AstcDecoder.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/Astc/AstcDecoder.cs
index edf699dc..3f65e122 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/Astc/AstcDecoder.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/Astc/AstcDecoder.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
 using System;
+using System.Buffers;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
@@ -291,16 +293,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture.Astc
             int depth,
             int levels,
             int layers,
-            out byte[] decoded)
+            out IMemoryOwner<byte> decoded)
         {
-            byte[] output = new byte[QueryDecompressedSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers)];
+            decoded = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(QueryDecompressedSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers));
 
-            AstcDecoder decoder = new(data, output, blockWidth, blockHeight, width, height, depth, levels, layers);
+            AstcDecoder decoder = new(data, decoded.Memory, blockWidth, blockHeight, width, height, depth, levels, layers);
 
             Enumerable.Range(0, decoder.TotalBlockCount).AsParallel().ForAll(x => decoder.ProcessBlock(x));
 
-            decoded = output;
-
             return decoder.Success;
         }
 
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnDecoder.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnDecoder.cs
index 2d68ca34..eb85334a 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnDecoder.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnDecoder.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System;
+using System.Buffers;
 using System.Buffers.Binary;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
@@ -12,7 +14,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
         private const int BlockWidth = 4;
         private const int BlockHeight = 4;
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC1(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC1(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -21,12 +23,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 size += Math.Max(1, width >> l) * Math.Max(1, height >> l) * Math.Max(1, depth >> l) * layers * 4;
             }
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
 
             Span<byte> tile = stackalloc byte[BlockWidth * BlockHeight * 4];
 
             Span<uint> tileAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(tile);
-            Span<uint> outputAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             Span<Vector128<byte>> tileAsVector128 = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Vector128<byte>>(tile);
 
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC2(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC2(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -109,12 +111,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 size += Math.Max(1, width >> l) * Math.Max(1, height >> l) * Math.Max(1, depth >> l) * layers * 4;
             }
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
 
             Span<byte> tile = stackalloc byte[BlockWidth * BlockHeight * 4];
 
             Span<uint> tileAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(tile);
-            Span<uint> outputAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             Span<Vector128<byte>> tileAsVector128 = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Vector128<byte>>(tile);
 
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC3(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC3(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -204,13 +206,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 size += Math.Max(1, width >> l) * Math.Max(1, height >> l) * Math.Max(1, depth >> l) * layers * 4;
             }
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
 
             Span<byte> tile = stackalloc byte[BlockWidth * BlockHeight * 4];
             Span<byte> rPal = stackalloc byte[8];
 
             Span<uint> tileAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(tile);
-            Span<uint> outputAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             Span<Vector128<byte>> tileAsVector128 = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, Vector128<byte>>(tile);
 
@@ -292,7 +294,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC4(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers, bool signed)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC4(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers, bool signed)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -304,8 +306,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             // Backends currently expect a stride alignment of 4 bytes, so output width must be aligned.
             int alignedWidth = BitUtils.AlignUp(width, 4);
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
-            Span<byte> outputSpan = new(output);
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
+            Span<byte> outputSpan = output.Memory.Span;
 
             ReadOnlySpan<ulong> data64 = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ulong>(data);
 
@@ -400,7 +402,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC5(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers, bool signed)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC5(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers, bool signed)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -412,7 +414,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             // Backends currently expect a stride alignment of 4 bytes, so output width must be aligned.
             int alignedWidth = BitUtils.AlignUp(width, 2);
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
 
             ReadOnlySpan<ulong> data64 = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ulong>(data);
 
@@ -421,7 +423,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             Span<byte> rPal = stackalloc byte[8];
             Span<byte> gPal = stackalloc byte[8];
 
-            Span<ushort> outputAsUshort = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(output);
+            Span<ushort> outputAsUshort = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             Span<uint> rTileAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(rTile);
             Span<uint> gTileAsUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(gTile);
@@ -525,7 +527,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC6(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers, bool signed)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC6(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers, bool signed)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -534,7 +536,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 size += Math.Max(1, width >> l) * Math.Max(1, height >> l) * Math.Max(1, depth >> l) * layers * 8;
             }
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
+            Span<byte> outputSpan = output.Memory.Span;
 
             int inputOffset = 0;
             int outputOffset = 0;
@@ -548,7 +551,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 {
                     for (int z = 0; z < depth; z++)
                     {
-                        BC6Decoder.Decode(output.AsSpan()[outputOffset..], data[inputOffset..], width, height, signed);
+                        BC6Decoder.Decode(outputSpan[outputOffset..], data[inputOffset..], width, height, signed);
 
                         inputOffset += w * h * 16;
                         outputOffset += width * height * 8;
@@ -563,7 +566,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeBC7(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeBC7(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -572,7 +575,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 size += Math.Max(1, width >> l) * Math.Max(1, height >> l) * Math.Max(1, depth >> l) * layers * 4;
             }
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
+            Span<byte> outputSpan = output.Memory.Span;
 
             int inputOffset = 0;
             int outputOffset = 0;
@@ -586,7 +590,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 {
                     for (int z = 0; z < depth; z++)
                     {
-                        BC7Decoder.Decode(output.AsSpan()[outputOffset..], data[inputOffset..], width, height);
+                        BC7Decoder.Decode(outputSpan[outputOffset..], data[inputOffset..], width, height);
 
                         inputOffset += w * h * 16;
                         outputOffset += width * height * 4;
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnEncoder.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnEncoder.cs
index 8103990f..253ba305 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnEncoder.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/BCnEncoder.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture.Encoders;
 using System;
+using System.Buffers;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
 {
@@ -9,7 +11,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
         private const int BlockWidth = 4;
         private const int BlockHeight = 4;
 
-        public static byte[] EncodeBC7(byte[] data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> EncodeBC7(Memory<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             int size = 0;
 
@@ -21,7 +23,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 size += w * h * 16 * Math.Max(1, depth >> l) * layers;
             }
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[size];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(size);
+            Memory<byte> outputMemory = output.Memory;
 
             int imageBaseIOffs = 0;
             int imageBaseOOffs = 0;
@@ -36,8 +39,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                     for (int z = 0; z < depth; z++)
                     {
                         BC7Encoder.Encode(
-                            output.AsMemory()[imageBaseOOffs..],
-                            data.AsMemory()[imageBaseIOffs..],
+                            outputMemory[imageBaseOOffs..],
+                            data[imageBaseIOffs..],
                             width,
                             height,
                             EncodeMode.Fast | EncodeMode.Multithreaded);
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/ETC2Decoder.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/ETC2Decoder.cs
index 57f2e98d..52801ff4 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/ETC2Decoder.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/ETC2Decoder.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System;
+using System.Buffers;
 using System.Buffers.Binary;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
@@ -49,15 +51,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             new int[] { -3, -5, -7, -9, 2, 4, 6, 8 },
         };
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeRgb(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeRgb(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             ReadOnlySpan<ulong> dataUlong = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ulong>(data);
 
             int inputOffset = 0;
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[CalculateOutputSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers)];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(CalculateOutputSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers));
 
-            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
             Span<uint> tile = stackalloc uint[BlockWidth * BlockHeight];
 
             int imageBaseOOffs = 0;
@@ -111,15 +113,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodePta(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodePta(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             ReadOnlySpan<ulong> dataUlong = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ulong>(data);
 
             int inputOffset = 0;
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[CalculateOutputSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers)];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(CalculateOutputSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers));
 
-            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
             Span<uint> tile = stackalloc uint[BlockWidth * BlockHeight];
 
             int imageBaseOOffs = 0;
@@ -168,15 +170,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] DecodeRgba(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> DecodeRgba(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, int height, int depth, int levels, int layers)
         {
             ReadOnlySpan<ulong> dataUlong = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ulong>(data);
 
             int inputOffset = 0;
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[CalculateOutputSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers)];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(CalculateOutputSize(width, height, depth, levels, layers));
 
-            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputUint = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
             Span<uint> tile = stackalloc uint[BlockWidth * BlockHeight];
 
             int imageBaseOOffs = 0;
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/LayoutConverter.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/LayoutConverter.cs
index d9a666c3..d6732674 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/LayoutConverter.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/LayoutConverter.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System;
+using System.Buffers;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
 using static Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture.BlockLinearConstants;
 
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             };
         }
 
-        public static byte[] ConvertBlockLinearToLinear(
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertBlockLinearToLinear(
             int width,
             int height,
             int depth,
@@ -119,7 +121,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                 blockHeight,
                 bytesPerPixel);
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[outSize];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> outputOwner = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(outSize);
+            Span<byte> output = outputOwner.Memory.Span;
 
             int outOffs = 0;
 
@@ -243,10 +246,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                     _ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Unable to convert ${bytesPerPixel} bpp pixel format."),
                 };
             }
-            return output;
+            return outputOwner;
         }
 
-        public static byte[] ConvertLinearStridedToLinear(
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertLinearStridedToLinear(
             int width,
             int height,
             int blockWidth,
@@ -262,8 +265,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             int outStride = BitUtils.AlignUp(w * bytesPerPixel, HostStrideAlignment);
             lineSize = Math.Min(lineSize, outStride);
 
-            byte[] output = new byte[h * outStride];
-            Span<byte> outSpan = output;
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(h * outStride);
+            Span<byte> outSpan = output.Memory.Span;
 
             int outOffs = 0;
             int inOffs = 0;
diff --git a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/PixelConverter.cs b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/PixelConverter.cs
index 7955aed3..4475cc98 100644
--- a/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/PixelConverter.cs
+++ b/src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture/PixelConverter.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using System;
+using System.Buffers;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
 using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
@@ -19,13 +21,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return (remainder, outRemainder, length / stride);
         }
 
-        public unsafe static byte[] ConvertR4G4ToR4G4B4A4(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
+        public unsafe static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertR4G4ToR4G4B4A4(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
         {
-            byte[] output = new byte[data.Length * 2];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(data.Length * 2);
 
             (int remainder, int outRemainder, int height) = GetLineRemainders(data.Length, width, 1, 2);
 
-            Span<ushort> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(output);
+            Span<ushort> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             if (remainder == 0)
             {
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
                     int sizeTrunc = data.Length & ~7;
                     start = sizeTrunc;
 
-                    fixed (byte* inputPtr = data, outputPtr = output)
+                    fixed (byte* inputPtr = data, outputPtr = output.Memory.Span)
                     {
                         for (ulong offset = 0; offset < (ulong)sizeTrunc; offset += 8)
                         {
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
 
                 for (int i = start; i < data.Length; i++)
                 {
-                    outputSpan[i] = (ushort)data[i];
+                    outputSpan[i] = data[i];
                 }
             }
             else
@@ -70,16 +72,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public unsafe static byte[] ConvertR5G6B5ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertR5G6B5ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
         {
-            byte[] output = new byte[data.Length * 2];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(data.Length * 2);
             int offset = 0;
             int outOffset = 0;
 
             (int remainder, int outRemainder, int height) = GetLineRemainders(data.Length, width, 2, 4);
 
             ReadOnlySpan<ushort> inputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(data);
-            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
             {
@@ -107,16 +109,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public unsafe static byte[] ConvertR5G5B5ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, bool forceAlpha)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertR5G5B5ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width, bool forceAlpha)
         {
-            byte[] output = new byte[data.Length * 2];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(data.Length * 2);
             int offset = 0;
             int outOffset = 0;
 
             (int remainder, int outRemainder, int height) = GetLineRemainders(data.Length, width, 2, 4);
 
             ReadOnlySpan<ushort> inputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(data);
-            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
             {
@@ -144,16 +146,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public unsafe static byte[] ConvertA1B5G5R5ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertA1B5G5R5ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
         {
-            byte[] output = new byte[data.Length * 2];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(data.Length * 2);
             int offset = 0;
             int outOffset = 0;
 
             (int remainder, int outRemainder, int height) = GetLineRemainders(data.Length, width, 2, 4);
 
             ReadOnlySpan<ushort> inputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(data);
-            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
             {
@@ -181,16 +183,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Texture
             return output;
         }
 
-        public unsafe static byte[] ConvertR4G4B4A4ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
+        public static IMemoryOwner<byte> ConvertR4G4B4A4ToR8G8B8A8(ReadOnlySpan<byte> data, int width)
         {
-            byte[] output = new byte[data.Length * 2];
+            IMemoryOwner<byte> output = ByteMemoryPool.Rent(data.Length * 2);
             int offset = 0;
             int outOffset = 0;
 
             (int remainder, int outRemainder, int height) = GetLineRemainders(data.Length, width, 2, 4);
 
             ReadOnlySpan<ushort> inputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, ushort>(data);
-            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output);
+            Span<uint> outputSpan = MemoryMarshal.Cast<byte, uint>(output.Memory.Span);
 
             for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
             {