Refactor attribute handling on the shader generator (#4565)

* Refactor attribute handling on the shader generator

* Implement gl_ViewportMask[]

* Add back the Intel FrontFacing bug workaround

* Fix GLSL transform feedback outputs mistmatch with fragment stage

* Shader cache version bump

* Fix geometry shader recognition

* PR feedback

* Delete GetOperandDef and GetOperandUse

* Remove replacements that are no longer needed on GLSL compilation on Vulkan

* Fix incorrect load for per-patch outputs

* Fix build

7 files changed, 372 insertions, 626 deletions

diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/CodeGenContext.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/CodeGenContext.cs
index e693307d..ed292ef1 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/CodeGenContext.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/CodeGenContext.cs
@@ -29,15 +29,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
         public Instruction StorageBuffersArray { get; set; }
         public Instruction LocalMemory { get; set; }
         public Instruction SharedMemory { get; set; }
-        public Instruction InputsArray { get; set; }
-        public Instruction OutputsArray { get; set; }
         public Dictionary<TextureMeta, SamplerType> SamplersTypes { get; } = new Dictionary<TextureMeta, SamplerType>();
         public Dictionary<TextureMeta, (Instruction, Instruction, Instruction)> Samplers { get; } = new Dictionary<TextureMeta, (Instruction, Instruction, Instruction)>();
         public Dictionary<TextureMeta, (Instruction, Instruction)> Images { get; } = new Dictionary<TextureMeta, (Instruction, Instruction)>();
-        public Dictionary<int, Instruction> Inputs { get; } = new Dictionary<int, Instruction>();
-        public Dictionary<int, Instruction> Outputs { get; } = new Dictionary<int, Instruction>();
-        public Dictionary<int, Instruction> InputsPerPatch { get; } = new Dictionary<int, Instruction>();
-        public Dictionary<int, Instruction> OutputsPerPatch { get; } = new Dictionary<int, Instruction>();
+        public Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction> Inputs { get; } = new Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction>();
+        public Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction> Outputs { get; } = new Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction>();
+        public Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction> InputsPerPatch { get; } = new Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction>();
+        public Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction> OutputsPerPatch { get; } = new Dictionary<IoDefinition, Instruction>();
 
         public Instruction CoordTemp { get; set; }
         private readonly Dictionary<AstOperand, Instruction> _locals = new Dictionary<AstOperand, Instruction>();
@@ -163,16 +161,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             mainInterface.AddRange(InputsPerPatch.Values);
             mainInterface.AddRange(OutputsPerPatch.Values);
 
-            if (InputsArray != null)
-            {
-                mainInterface.Add(InputsArray);
-            }
-
-            if (OutputsArray != null)
-            {
-                mainInterface.Add(OutputsArray);
-            }
-
             return mainInterface.ToArray();
         }
 
@@ -228,8 +216,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                 return operand.Type switch
                 {
                     IrOperandType.Argument => GetArgument(type, operand),
-                    IrOperandType.Attribute => GetAttribute(type, operand.Value & AttributeConsts.Mask, (operand.Value & AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask) != 0),
-                    IrOperandType.AttributePerPatch => GetAttributePerPatch(type, operand.Value & AttributeConsts.Mask, (operand.Value & AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask) != 0),
                     IrOperandType.Constant => GetConstant(type, operand),
                     IrOperandType.ConstantBuffer => GetConstantBuffer(type, operand),
                     IrOperandType.LocalVariable => GetLocal(type, operand),
@@ -275,239 +261,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             };
         }
 
-        public Instruction GetAttributeElemPointer(int attr, bool isOutAttr, Instruction index, out AggregateType elemType)
-        {
-            var storageClass = isOutAttr ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
-            var attrInfo = AttributeInfo.From(Config, attr, isOutAttr);
-
-            int attrOffset = attrInfo.BaseValue;
-            AggregateType type = attrInfo.Type;
-
-            Instruction ioVariable, elemIndex;
-
-            Instruction invocationId = null;
-
-            if (Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && isOutAttr)
-            {
-                invocationId = Load(TypeS32(), Inputs[AttributeConsts.InvocationId]);
-            }
-
-            bool isUserAttr = attr >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && attr < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd;
-
-            if (isUserAttr &&
-                ((!isOutAttr && Config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.IaIndexing)) ||
-                (isOutAttr && Config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.OaIndexing))))
-            {
-                elemType = AggregateType.FP32;
-                ioVariable = isOutAttr ? OutputsArray : InputsArray;
-                elemIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), attrInfo.GetInnermostIndex());
-                var vecIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), (attr - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) >> 4);
-
-                bool isArray = AttributeInfo.IsArrayAttributeSpirv(Config.Stage, isOutAttr);
-
-                if (invocationId != null && isArray)
-                {
-                    return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, index, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-                }
-                else if (invocationId != null)
-                {
-                    return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-                }
-                else if (isArray)
-                {
-                    return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, index, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-                }
-            }
-
-            bool isViewportInverse = attr == AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseX || attr == AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseY;
-
-            if (isViewportInverse)
-            {
-                elemType = AggregateType.FP32;
-                elemIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), (attr - AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseX) >> 2);
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(StorageClass.Uniform, TypeFP32()), SupportBuffer, Constant(TypeU32(), 2), elemIndex);
-            }
-
-            elemType = attrInfo.Type & AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
-
-            if (isUserAttr && Config.TransformFeedbackEnabled &&
-                ((isOutAttr && Config.LastInVertexPipeline) ||
-                (!isOutAttr && Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)))
-            {
-                attrOffset = attr;
-                type = elemType;
-
-                if (isOutAttr)
-                {
-                    int components = Info.GetTransformFeedbackOutputComponents(attr);
-
-                    if (components > 1)
-                    {
-                        attrOffset &= ~0xf;
-                        type = components switch
-                        {
-                            2 => AggregateType.Vector2 | AggregateType.FP32,
-                            3 => AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.FP32,
-                            4 => AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32,
-                            _ => AggregateType.FP32
-                        };
-
-                        attrInfo = new AttributeInfo(attrOffset, (attr - attrOffset) / 4, components, type, false);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            ioVariable = isOutAttr ? Outputs[attrOffset] : Inputs[attrOffset];
-
-            bool isIndexed = AttributeInfo.IsArrayAttributeSpirv(Config.Stage, isOutAttr) && (!attrInfo.IsBuiltin || AttributeInfo.IsArrayBuiltIn(attr));
-
-            if ((type & (AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.ElementCountMask)) == 0)
-            {
-                if (invocationId != null)
-                {
-                    return isIndexed
-                        ? AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, index)
-                        : AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    return isIndexed ? AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, index) : ioVariable;
-                }
-            }
-
-            elemIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), attrInfo.GetInnermostIndex());
-
-            if (invocationId != null && isIndexed)
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, index, elemIndex);
-            }
-            else if (invocationId != null)
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, elemIndex);
-            }
-            else if (isIndexed)
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, index, elemIndex);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, elemIndex);
-            }
-        }
-
-        public Instruction GetAttributeElemPointer(Instruction attrIndex, bool isOutAttr, Instruction index, out AggregateType elemType)
-        {
-            var storageClass = isOutAttr ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
-
-            Instruction invocationId = null;
-
-            if (Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && isOutAttr)
-            {
-                invocationId = Load(TypeS32(), Inputs[AttributeConsts.InvocationId]);
-            }
-
-            elemType = AggregateType.FP32;
-            var ioVariable = isOutAttr ? OutputsArray : InputsArray;
-            var vecIndex = ShiftRightLogical(TypeS32(), attrIndex, Constant(TypeS32(), 2));
-            var elemIndex = BitwiseAnd(TypeS32(), attrIndex, Constant(TypeS32(), 3));
-
-            bool isArray = AttributeInfo.IsArrayAttributeSpirv(Config.Stage, isOutAttr);
-
-            if (invocationId != null && isArray)
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, index, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-            }
-            else if (invocationId != null)
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, invocationId, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-            }
-            else if (isArray)
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, index, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, vecIndex, elemIndex);
-            }
-        }
-
-        public Instruction GetAttribute(AggregateType type, int attr, bool isOutAttr, Instruction index = null)
-        {
-            if (!AttributeInfo.Validate(Config, attr, isOutAttr: false))
-            {
-                return GetConstant(type, new AstOperand(IrOperandType.Constant, 0));
-            }
-
-            var elemPointer = GetAttributeElemPointer(attr, isOutAttr, index, out var elemType);
-            var value = Load(GetType(elemType), elemPointer);
-
-            if (Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
-            {
-                if (attr == AttributeConsts.PositionX || attr == AttributeConsts.PositionY)
-                {
-                    var pointerType = TypePointer(StorageClass.Uniform, TypeFP32());
-                    var fieldIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), 4);
-                    var scaleIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), 0);
-
-                    var scaleElemPointer = AccessChain(pointerType, SupportBuffer, fieldIndex, scaleIndex);
-                    var scale = Load(TypeFP32(), scaleElemPointer);
-
-                    value = FDiv(TypeFP32(), value, scale);
-                }
-                else if (attr == AttributeConsts.FrontFacing && Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostHasFrontFacingBug())
-                {
-                    // Workaround for what appears to be a bug on Intel compiler.
-                    var valueFloat = Select(TypeFP32(), value, Constant(TypeFP32(), 1f), Constant(TypeFP32(), 0f));
-                    var valueAsInt = Bitcast(TypeS32(), valueFloat);
-                    var valueNegated = SNegate(TypeS32(), valueAsInt);
-
-                    value = SLessThan(TypeBool(), valueNegated, Constant(TypeS32(), 0));
-                }
-            }
-
-            return BitcastIfNeeded(type, elemType, value);
-        }
-
-        public Instruction GetAttributePerPatchElemPointer(int attr, bool isOutAttr, out AggregateType elemType)
-        {
-            var storageClass = isOutAttr ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
-            var attrInfo = AttributeInfo.FromPatch(Config, attr, isOutAttr);
-
-            int attrOffset = attrInfo.BaseValue;
-            Instruction ioVariable = isOutAttr ? OutputsPerPatch[attrOffset] : InputsPerPatch[attrOffset];
-
-            elemType = attrInfo.Type & AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
-
-            if ((attrInfo.Type & (AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.ElementCountMask)) == 0)
-            {
-                return ioVariable;
-            }
-
-            var elemIndex = Constant(TypeU32(), attrInfo.GetInnermostIndex());
-            return AccessChain(TypePointer(storageClass, GetType(elemType)), ioVariable, elemIndex);
-        }
-
-        public Instruction GetAttributePerPatch(AggregateType type, int attr, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            if (!AttributeInfo.ValidatePerPatch(Config, attr, isOutAttr: false))
-            {
-                return GetConstant(type, new AstOperand(IrOperandType.Constant, 0));
-            }
-
-            var elemPointer = GetAttributePerPatchElemPointer(attr, isOutAttr, out var elemType);
-            return BitcastIfNeeded(type, elemType, Load(GetType(elemType), elemPointer));
-        }
-
-        public Instruction GetAttribute(AggregateType type, Instruction attr, bool isOutAttr, Instruction index = null)
-        {
-            var elemPointer = GetAttributeElemPointer(attr, isOutAttr, index, out var elemType);
-            return BitcastIfNeeded(type, elemType, Load(GetType(elemType), elemPointer));
-        }
-
         public Instruction GetConstant(AggregateType type, AstOperand operand)
         {
             return type switch
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Declarations.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Declarations.cs
index fdca5e89..821da477 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Declarations.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Declarations.cs
@@ -1,21 +1,19 @@
 using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.IntermediateRepresentation;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.StructuredIr;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
 using Spv.Generator;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Numerics;
 using static Spv.Specification;
+using SpvInstruction = Spv.Generator.Instruction;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 {
     static class Declarations
     {
-        // At least 16 attributes are guaranteed by the spec.
-        public const int MaxAttributes = 16;
-
         private static readonly string[] StagePrefixes = new string[] { "cp", "vp", "tcp", "tep", "gp", "fp" };
 
         public static void DeclareParameters(CodeGenContext context, StructuredFunction function)
@@ -59,7 +57,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             for (int funcIndex = 0; funcIndex < functions.Count; funcIndex++)
             {
                 StructuredFunction function = functions[funcIndex];
-                Instruction[] locals = new Instruction[function.InArguments.Length];
+                SpvInstruction[] locals = new SpvInstruction[function.InArguments.Length];
 
                 for (int i = 0; i < function.InArguments.Length; i++)
                 {
@@ -105,10 +103,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             DeclareStorageBuffers(context, context.Config.GetStorageBufferDescriptors());
             DeclareSamplers(context, context.Config.GetTextureDescriptors());
             DeclareImages(context, context.Config.GetImageDescriptors());
-            DeclareInputAttributes(context, info, perPatch: false);
-            DeclareOutputAttributes(context, info, perPatch: false);
-            DeclareInputAttributes(context, info, perPatch: true);
-            DeclareOutputAttributes(context, info, perPatch: true);
+            DeclareInputsAndOutputs(context, info);
         }
 
         private static void DeclareLocalMemory(CodeGenContext context, int size)
@@ -121,7 +116,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             context.SharedMemory = DeclareMemory(context, StorageClass.Workgroup, size);
         }
 
-        private static Instruction DeclareMemory(CodeGenContext context, StorageClass storage, int size)
+        private static SpvInstruction DeclareMemory(CodeGenContext context, StorageClass storage, int size)
         {
             var arrayType = context.TypeArray(context.TypeU32(), context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), size));
             var pointerType = context.TypePointer(storage, arrayType);
@@ -395,164 +390,104 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             };
         }
 
-        private static void DeclareInputAttributes(CodeGenContext context, StructuredProgramInfo info, bool perPatch)
+        private static void DeclareInputsAndOutputs(CodeGenContext context, StructuredProgramInfo info)
         {
-            bool iaIndexing = context.Config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.IaIndexing);
-
-            if (iaIndexing && !perPatch)
+            foreach (var ioDefinition in info.IoDefinitions)
             {
-                var attrType = context.TypeVector(context.TypeFP32(), (LiteralInteger)4);
-                attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), (LiteralInteger)MaxAttributes));
-
-                if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Geometry)
-                {
-                    attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), (LiteralInteger)context.InputVertices));
-                }
-
-                var spvType = context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Input, attrType);
-                var spvVar = context.Variable(spvType, StorageClass.Input);
-
-                if (context.Config.PassthroughAttributes != 0 && context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough())
-                {
-                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.PassthroughNV);
-                }
-
-                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)0);
-
-                context.AddGlobalVariable(spvVar);
-                context.InputsArray = spvVar;
-            }
-
-            var inputs = perPatch ? info.InputsPerPatch : info.Inputs;
+                var ioVariable = ioDefinition.IoVariable;
 
-            foreach (int attr in inputs)
-            {
-                if (!AttributeInfo.Validate(context.Config, attr, isOutAttr: false, perPatch))
+                // Those are actually from constant buffer, rather than being actual inputs or outputs,
+                // so we must ignore them here as they are declared as part of the support buffer.
+                // TODO: Delete this after we represent this properly on the IR (as a constant buffer rather than "input").
+                if (ioVariable == IoVariable.FragmentOutputIsBgra ||
+                    ioVariable == IoVariable.SupportBlockRenderScale ||
+                    ioVariable == IoVariable.SupportBlockViewInverse)
                 {
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                bool isUserAttr = attr >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && attr < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd;
-
-                if (iaIndexing && isUserAttr && !perPatch)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
+                bool isOutput = ioDefinition.StorageKind.IsOutput();
+                bool isPerPatch = ioDefinition.StorageKind.IsPerPatch();
 
                 PixelImap iq = PixelImap.Unused;
 
                 if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
                 {
-                    if (attr >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && attr < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd)
+                    if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined)
                     {
-                        iq = context.Config.ImapTypes[(attr - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) / 16].GetFirstUsedType();
+                        iq = context.Config.ImapTypes[ioDefinition.Location].GetFirstUsedType();
                     }
                     else
                     {
-                        AttributeInfo attrInfo = AttributeInfo.From(context.Config, attr, isOutAttr: false);
-                        AggregateType elemType = attrInfo.Type & AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
+                        (_, AggregateType varType) = IoMap.GetSpirvBuiltIn(ioVariable);
+                        AggregateType elemType = varType & AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
 
-                        if (attrInfo.IsBuiltin && (elemType == AggregateType.S32 || elemType == AggregateType.U32))
+                        if (elemType == AggregateType.S32 || elemType == AggregateType.U32)
                         {
                             iq = PixelImap.Constant;
                         }
                     }
                 }
 
-                DeclareInputOrOutput(context, attr, perPatch, isOutAttr: false, iq);
+                DeclareInputOrOutput(context, ioDefinition, isOutput, isPerPatch, iq);
             }
         }
 
-        private static void DeclareOutputAttributes(CodeGenContext context, StructuredProgramInfo info, bool perPatch)
+        private static void DeclareInputOrOutput(CodeGenContext context, IoDefinition ioDefinition, bool isOutput, bool isPerPatch, PixelImap iq = PixelImap.Unused)
         {
-            bool oaIndexing = context.Config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.OaIndexing);
-
-            if (oaIndexing && !perPatch)
-            {
-                var attrType = context.TypeVector(context.TypeFP32(), (LiteralInteger)4);
-                attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), (LiteralInteger)MaxAttributes));
-
-                if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl)
-                {
-                    attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), context.Config.ThreadsPerInputPrimitive));
-                }
+            IoVariable ioVariable = ioDefinition.IoVariable;
+            var storageClass = isOutput ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
 
-                var spvType = context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Output, attrType);
-                var spvVar = context.Variable(spvType, StorageClass.Output);
+            bool isBuiltIn;
+            BuiltIn builtIn = default;
+            AggregateType varType;
 
-                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)0);
-
-                context.AddGlobalVariable(spvVar);
-                context.OutputsArray = spvVar;
+            if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined)
+            {
+                varType = context.Config.GetUserDefinedType(ioDefinition.Location, isOutput);
+                isBuiltIn = false;
             }
-
-            var outputs = perPatch ? info.OutputsPerPatch : info.Outputs;
-
-            foreach (int attr in outputs)
+            else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor)
             {
-                if (!AttributeInfo.Validate(context.Config, attr, isOutAttr: true, perPatch))
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                bool isUserAttr = attr >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && attr < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd;
+                varType = context.Config.GetFragmentOutputColorType(ioDefinition.Location);
+                isBuiltIn = false;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                (builtIn, varType) = IoMap.GetSpirvBuiltIn(ioVariable);
+                isBuiltIn = true;
 
-                if (oaIndexing && isUserAttr && !perPatch)
+                if (varType == AggregateType.Invalid)
                 {
-                    continue;
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Unknown variable {ioVariable}.");
                 }
-
-                DeclareOutputAttribute(context, attr, perPatch);
             }
 
-            if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Vertex)
-            {
-                DeclareOutputAttribute(context, AttributeConsts.PositionX, perPatch: false);
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void DeclareOutputAttribute(CodeGenContext context, int attr, bool perPatch)
-        {
-            DeclareInputOrOutput(context, attr, perPatch, isOutAttr: true);
-        }
-
-        public static void DeclareInvocationId(CodeGenContext context)
-        {
-            DeclareInputOrOutput(context, AttributeConsts.LaneId, perPatch: false, isOutAttr: false);
-        }
+            bool hasComponent = context.Config.HasPerLocationInputOrOutputComponent(ioVariable, ioDefinition.Location, ioDefinition.Component, isOutput);
 
-        private static void DeclareInputOrOutput(CodeGenContext context, int attr, bool perPatch, bool isOutAttr, PixelImap iq = PixelImap.Unused)
-        {
-            bool isUserAttr = attr >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && attr < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd;
-            if (isUserAttr && context.Config.TransformFeedbackEnabled && !perPatch &&
-                ((isOutAttr && context.Config.LastInVertexPipeline) ||
-                (!isOutAttr && context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)))
+            if (hasComponent)
             {
-                DeclareTransformFeedbackInputOrOutput(context, attr, isOutAttr, iq);
-                return;
+                varType &= AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
             }
-
-            var dict = perPatch
-                ? (isOutAttr ? context.OutputsPerPatch : context.InputsPerPatch)
-                : (isOutAttr ? context.Outputs : context.Inputs);
-
-            var attrInfo = perPatch
-                ? AttributeInfo.FromPatch(context.Config, attr, isOutAttr)
-                : AttributeInfo.From(context.Config, attr, isOutAttr);
-
-            if (dict.ContainsKey(attrInfo.BaseValue))
+            else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined && context.Config.HasTransformFeedbackOutputs(isOutput))
             {
-                return;
+                varType &= AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
+                varType |= context.Config.GetTransformFeedbackOutputComponents(ioDefinition.Location, ioDefinition.Component) switch
+                {
+                    2 => AggregateType.Vector2,
+                    3 => AggregateType.Vector3,
+                    4 => AggregateType.Vector4,
+                    _ => AggregateType.Invalid
+                };
             }
 
-            var storageClass = isOutAttr ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
-            var attrType = context.GetType(attrInfo.Type, attrInfo.Length);
+            var spvType = context.GetType(varType, IoMap.GetSpirvBuiltInArrayLength(ioVariable));
             bool builtInPassthrough = false;
 
-            if (AttributeInfo.IsArrayAttributeSpirv(context.Config.Stage, isOutAttr) && !perPatch && (!attrInfo.IsBuiltin || AttributeInfo.IsArrayBuiltIn(attr)))
+            if (!isPerPatch && IoMap.IsPerVertex(ioVariable, context.Config.Stage, isOutput))
             {
                 int arraySize = context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Geometry ? context.InputVertices : 32;
-                attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), (LiteralInteger)arraySize));
+                spvType = context.TypeArray(spvType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), (LiteralInteger)arraySize));
 
                 if (context.Config.GpPassthrough && context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough())
                 {
@@ -560,69 +495,64 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                 }
             }
 
-            if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && isOutAttr && !perPatch)
+            if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && isOutput && !isPerPatch)
             {
-                attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), context.Config.ThreadsPerInputPrimitive));
+                spvType = context.TypeArray(spvType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), context.Config.ThreadsPerInputPrimitive));
             }
 
-            var spvType = context.TypePointer(storageClass, attrType);
-            var spvVar = context.Variable(spvType, storageClass);
+            var spvPointerType = context.TypePointer(storageClass, spvType);
+            var spvVar = context.Variable(spvPointerType, storageClass);
 
             if (builtInPassthrough)
             {
                 context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.PassthroughNV);
             }
 
-            if (attrInfo.IsBuiltin)
+            if (isBuiltIn)
             {
-                if (perPatch)
+                if (isPerPatch)
                 {
                     context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Patch);
                 }
 
-                if (context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostReducedPrecision() && attr == AttributeConsts.PositionX && context.Config.Stage != ShaderStage.Fragment)
+                if (context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostReducedPrecision() && ioVariable == IoVariable.Position)
                 {
                     context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Invariant);
                 }
 
-                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.BuiltIn, (LiteralInteger)GetBuiltIn(context, attrInfo.BaseValue));
-
-                if (context.Config.TransformFeedbackEnabled && context.Config.LastInVertexPipeline && isOutAttr)
-                {
-                    var tfOutput = context.Info.GetTransformFeedbackOutput(attrInfo.BaseValue);
-                    if (tfOutput.Valid)
-                    {
-                        context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.XfbBuffer, (LiteralInteger)tfOutput.Buffer);
-                        context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.XfbStride, (LiteralInteger)tfOutput.Stride);
-                        context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Offset, (LiteralInteger)tfOutput.Offset);
-                    }
-                }
+                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.BuiltIn, (LiteralInteger)builtIn);
             }
-            else if (perPatch)
+            else if (isPerPatch)
             {
                 context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Patch);
 
-                int location = context.Config.GetPerPatchAttributeLocation((attr - AttributeConsts.UserAttributePerPatchBase) / 16);
+                if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined)
+                {
+                    int location = context.Config.GetPerPatchAttributeLocation(ioDefinition.Location);
 
-                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)location);
+                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)location);
+                }
             }
-            else if (isUserAttr)
+            else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined)
             {
-                int location = (attr - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) / 16;
+                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)ioDefinition.Location);
 
-                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)location);
+                if (hasComponent)
+                {
+                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Component, (LiteralInteger)ioDefinition.Component);
+                }
 
-                if (!isOutAttr &&
-                    !perPatch &&
-                    (context.Config.PassthroughAttributes & (1 << location)) != 0 &&
+                if (!isOutput &&
+                    !isPerPatch &&
+                    (context.Config.PassthroughAttributes & (1 << ioDefinition.Location)) != 0 &&
                     context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough())
                 {
                     context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.PassthroughNV);
                 }
             }
-            else if (attr >= AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorBase && attr < AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorEnd)
+            else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor)
             {
-                int location = (attr - AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorBase) / 16;
+                int location = ioDefinition.Location;
 
                 if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment && context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryDualSourceBlendEnable())
                 {
@@ -646,7 +576,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                 }
             }
 
-            if (!isOutAttr)
+            if (!isOutput)
             {
                 switch (iq)
                 {
@@ -658,143 +588,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                         break;
                 }
             }
-
-            context.AddGlobalVariable(spvVar);
-            dict.Add(attrInfo.BaseValue, spvVar);
-        }
-
-        private static void DeclareTransformFeedbackInputOrOutput(CodeGenContext context, int attr, bool isOutAttr, PixelImap iq = PixelImap.Unused)
-        {
-            var dict = isOutAttr ? context.Outputs : context.Inputs;
-            var attrInfo = AttributeInfo.From(context.Config, attr, isOutAttr);
-
-            bool hasComponent = true;
-            int component = (attr >> 2) & 3;
-            int components = 1;
-            var type = attrInfo.Type & AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
-
-            if (isOutAttr)
+            else if (context.Config.TryGetTransformFeedbackOutput(
+                ioVariable,
+                ioDefinition.Location,
+                ioDefinition.Component,
+                out var transformFeedbackOutput))
             {
-                components = context.Info.GetTransformFeedbackOutputComponents(attr);
-
-                if (components > 1)
-                {
-                    attr &= ~0xf;
-                    type = components switch
-                    {
-                        2 => AggregateType.Vector2 | AggregateType.FP32,
-                        3 => AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.FP32,
-                        4 => AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32,
-                        _ => AggregateType.FP32
-                    };
-
-                    hasComponent = false;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (dict.ContainsKey(attr))
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            var storageClass = isOutAttr ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
-            var attrType = context.GetType(type, components);
-
-            if (AttributeInfo.IsArrayAttributeSpirv(context.Config.Stage, isOutAttr) && (!attrInfo.IsBuiltin || AttributeInfo.IsArrayBuiltIn(attr)))
-            {
-                int arraySize = context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Geometry ? context.InputVertices : 32;
-                attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), (LiteralInteger)arraySize));
-            }
-
-            if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && isOutAttr)
-            {
-                attrType = context.TypeArray(attrType, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), context.Config.ThreadsPerInputPrimitive));
-            }
-
-            var spvType = context.TypePointer(storageClass, attrType);
-            var spvVar = context.Variable(spvType, storageClass);
-
-            Debug.Assert(attr >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && attr < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd);
-            int location = (attr - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) / 16;
-
-            context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Location, (LiteralInteger)location);
-
-            if (hasComponent)
-            {
-                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Component, (LiteralInteger)component);
-            }
-
-            if (isOutAttr)
-            {
-                var tfOutput = context.Info.GetTransformFeedbackOutput(attr);
-                if (tfOutput.Valid)
-                {
-                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.XfbBuffer, (LiteralInteger)tfOutput.Buffer);
-                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.XfbStride, (LiteralInteger)tfOutput.Stride);
-                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Offset, (LiteralInteger)tfOutput.Offset);
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                if ((context.Config.PassthroughAttributes & (1 << location)) != 0 &&
-                    context.Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough())
-                {
-                    context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.PassthroughNV);
-                }
-
-                switch (iq)
-                {
-                    case PixelImap.Constant:
-                        context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Flat);
-                        break;
-                    case PixelImap.ScreenLinear:
-                        context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.NoPerspective);
-                        break;
-                }
+                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.XfbBuffer, (LiteralInteger)transformFeedbackOutput.Buffer);
+                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.XfbStride, (LiteralInteger)transformFeedbackOutput.Stride);
+                context.Decorate(spvVar, Decoration.Offset, (LiteralInteger)transformFeedbackOutput.Offset);
             }
 
             context.AddGlobalVariable(spvVar);
-            dict.Add(attr, spvVar);
-        }
 
-        private static BuiltIn GetBuiltIn(CodeGenContext context, int attr)
-        {
-            return attr switch
-            {
-                AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter0 => BuiltIn.TessLevelOuter,
-                AttributeConsts.TessLevelInner0 => BuiltIn.TessLevelInner,
-                AttributeConsts.Layer => BuiltIn.Layer,
-                AttributeConsts.ViewportIndex => BuiltIn.ViewportIndex,
-                AttributeConsts.PointSize => BuiltIn.PointSize,
-                AttributeConsts.PositionX => context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment ? BuiltIn.FragCoord : BuiltIn.Position,
-                AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0 => BuiltIn.ClipDistance,
-                AttributeConsts.PointCoordX => BuiltIn.PointCoord,
-                AttributeConsts.TessCoordX => BuiltIn.TessCoord,
-                AttributeConsts.InstanceId => BuiltIn.InstanceId,
-                AttributeConsts.VertexId => BuiltIn.VertexId,
-                AttributeConsts.BaseInstance => BuiltIn.BaseInstance,
-                AttributeConsts.BaseVertex => BuiltIn.BaseVertex,
-                AttributeConsts.InstanceIndex => BuiltIn.InstanceIndex,
-                AttributeConsts.VertexIndex => BuiltIn.VertexIndex,
-                AttributeConsts.DrawIndex => BuiltIn.DrawIndex,
-                AttributeConsts.FrontFacing => BuiltIn.FrontFacing,
-                AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputDepth => BuiltIn.FragDepth,
-                AttributeConsts.ThreadKill => BuiltIn.HelperInvocation,
-                AttributeConsts.ThreadIdX => BuiltIn.LocalInvocationId,
-                AttributeConsts.CtaIdX => BuiltIn.WorkgroupId,
-                AttributeConsts.LaneId => BuiltIn.SubgroupLocalInvocationId,
-                AttributeConsts.InvocationId => BuiltIn.InvocationId,
-                AttributeConsts.PrimitiveId => BuiltIn.PrimitiveId,
-                AttributeConsts.PatchVerticesIn => BuiltIn.PatchVertices,
-                AttributeConsts.EqMask => BuiltIn.SubgroupEqMask,
-                AttributeConsts.GeMask => BuiltIn.SubgroupGeMask,
-                AttributeConsts.GtMask => BuiltIn.SubgroupGtMask,
-                AttributeConsts.LeMask => BuiltIn.SubgroupLeMask,
-                AttributeConsts.LtMask => BuiltIn.SubgroupLtMask,
-                AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseX => BuiltIn.Position,
-                AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseY => BuiltIn.Position,
-                _ => throw new ArgumentException($"Invalid attribute number 0x{attr:X}.")
-            };
+            var dict = isPerPatch
+                ? (isOutput ? context.OutputsPerPatch : context.InputsPerPatch)
+                : (isOutput ? context.Outputs : context.Inputs);
+            dict.Add(ioDefinition, spvVar);
         }
 
         private static string GetStagePrefix(ShaderStage stage)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/EnumConversion.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/EnumConversion.cs
index aa3d046a..72541774 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/EnumConversion.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/EnumConversion.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
-using System;
+using System;
 using static Spv.Specification;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Instructions.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Instructions.cs
index b3db1905..b6ffdb7a 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Instructions.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/Instructions.cs
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             Add(Instruction.ImageLoad,                GenerateImageLoad);
             Add(Instruction.ImageStore,               GenerateImageStore);
             Add(Instruction.IsNan,                    GenerateIsNan);
-            Add(Instruction.LoadAttribute,            GenerateLoadAttribute);
+            Add(Instruction.Load,                     GenerateLoad);
             Add(Instruction.LoadConstant,             GenerateLoadConstant);
             Add(Instruction.LoadLocal,                GenerateLoadLocal);
             Add(Instruction.LoadShared,               GenerateLoadShared);
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             Add(Instruction.ShuffleXor,               GenerateShuffleXor);
             Add(Instruction.Sine,                     GenerateSine);
             Add(Instruction.SquareRoot,               GenerateSquareRoot);
-            Add(Instruction.StoreAttribute,           GenerateStoreAttribute);
+            Add(Instruction.Store,                    GenerateStore);
             Add(Instruction.StoreLocal,               GenerateStoreLocal);
             Add(Instruction.StoreShared,              GenerateStoreShared);
             Add(Instruction.StoreShared16,            GenerateStoreShared16);
@@ -862,31 +862,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             return new OperationResult(AggregateType.Bool, result);
         }
 
-        private static OperationResult GenerateLoadAttribute(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation)
+        private static OperationResult GenerateLoad(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation)
         {
-            var src1 = operation.GetSource(0);
-            var src2 = operation.GetSource(1);
-            var src3 = operation.GetSource(2);
-
-            if (!(src1 is AstOperand baseAttr) || baseAttr.Type != OperandType.Constant)
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException($"First input of {nameof(Instruction.LoadAttribute)} must be a constant operand.");
-            }
-
-            var index = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, src3);
-            var resultType = AggregateType.FP32;
-
-            if (src2 is AstOperand operand && operand.Type == OperandType.Constant)
-            {
-                int attrOffset = (baseAttr.Value & AttributeConsts.Mask) + (operand.Value << 2);
-                bool isOutAttr = (baseAttr.Value & AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask) != 0;
-                return new OperationResult(resultType, context.GetAttribute(resultType, attrOffset, isOutAttr, index));
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                var attr = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, src2);
-                return new OperationResult(resultType, context.GetAttribute(resultType, attr, isOutAttr: false, index));
-            }
+            return GenerateLoadOrStore(context, operation, isStore: false);
         }
 
         private static OperationResult GenerateLoadConstant(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation)
@@ -1224,7 +1202,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             var clampNotSegMask = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), clamp, notSegMask);
             var indexNotSegMask = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), index, notSegMask);
 
-            var threadId = context.GetAttribute(AggregateType.U32, AttributeConsts.LaneId, false);
+            var threadId = GetScalarInput(context, IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId);
 
             var minThreadId = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), threadId, segMask);
             var maxThreadId = context.BitwiseOr(context.TypeU32(), minThreadId, clampNotSegMask);
@@ -1254,7 +1232,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             var notSegMask = context.Not(context.TypeU32(), segMask);
             var clampNotSegMask = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), clamp, notSegMask);
 
-            var threadId = context.GetAttribute(AggregateType.U32, AttributeConsts.LaneId, false);
+            var threadId = GetScalarInput(context, IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId);
 
             var minThreadId = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), threadId, segMask);
             var maxThreadId = context.BitwiseOr(context.TypeU32(), minThreadId, clampNotSegMask);
@@ -1281,7 +1259,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
             var segMask = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), context.ShiftRightLogical(context.TypeU32(), mask, const8), const31);
 
-            var threadId = context.GetAttribute(AggregateType.U32, AttributeConsts.LaneId, false);
+            var threadId = GetScalarInput(context, IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId);
 
             var minThreadId = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), threadId, segMask);
             var srcThreadId = context.ISub(context.TypeU32(), threadId, index);
@@ -1310,7 +1288,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             var notSegMask = context.Not(context.TypeU32(), segMask);
             var clampNotSegMask = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), clamp, notSegMask);
 
-            var threadId = context.GetAttribute(AggregateType.U32, AttributeConsts.LaneId, false);
+            var threadId = GetScalarInput(context, IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId);
 
             var minThreadId = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), threadId, segMask);
             var maxThreadId = context.BitwiseOr(context.TypeU32(), minThreadId, clampNotSegMask);
@@ -1336,35 +1314,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             return GenerateUnary(context, operation, context.Delegates.GlslSqrt, null);
         }
 
-        private static OperationResult GenerateStoreAttribute(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation)
+        private static OperationResult GenerateStore(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation)
         {
-            var src1 = operation.GetSource(0);
-            var src2 = operation.GetSource(1);
-            var src3 = operation.GetSource(2);
-
-            if (!(src1 is AstOperand baseAttr) || baseAttr.Type != OperandType.Constant)
-            {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException($"First input of {nameof(Instruction.StoreAttribute)} must be a constant operand.");
-            }
-
-            SpvInstruction elemPointer;
-            AggregateType elemType;
-
-            if (src2 is AstOperand operand && operand.Type == OperandType.Constant)
-            {
-                int attrOffset = (baseAttr.Value & AttributeConsts.Mask) + (operand.Value << 2);
-                elemPointer = context.GetAttributeElemPointer(attrOffset, isOutAttr: true, index: null, out elemType);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                var attr = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, src2);
-                elemPointer = context.GetAttributeElemPointer(attr, isOutAttr: true, index: null, out elemType);
-            }
-
-            var value = context.Get(elemType, src3);
-            context.Store(elemPointer, value);
-
-            return OperationResult.Invalid;
+            return GenerateLoadOrStore(context, operation, isStore: true);
         }
 
         private static OperationResult GenerateStoreLocal(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation)
@@ -1448,7 +1400,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
             var three = context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 3);
 
-            var threadId = context.GetAttribute(AggregateType.U32, AttributeConsts.LaneId, false);
+            var threadId = GetScalarInput(context, IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId);
             var shift = context.BitwiseAnd(context.TypeU32(), threadId, three);
             shift = context.ShiftLeftLogical(context.TypeU32(), shift, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 1));
             var lutIdx = context.ShiftRightLogical(context.TypeU32(), mask, shift);
@@ -1982,20 +1934,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             var value = context.GetU32(operation.GetSource(2));
 
             SpvInstruction elemPointer;
-            Instruction mr = operation.Inst & Instruction.MrMask;
 
-            if (mr == Instruction.MrStorage)
+            if (operation.StorageKind == StorageKind.StorageBuffer)
             {
                 elemPointer = GetStorageElemPointer(context, operation);
             }
-            else if (mr == Instruction.MrShared)
+            else if (operation.StorageKind == StorageKind.SharedMemory)
             {
                 var offset = context.GetU32(operation.GetSource(0));
                 elemPointer = context.AccessChain(context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Workgroup, context.TypeU32()), context.SharedMemory, offset);
             }
             else
             {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException($"Invalid storage class \"{mr}\".");
+                throw new InvalidOperationException($"Invalid storage kind \"{operation.StorageKind}\".");
             }
 
             var one = context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 1);
@@ -2010,20 +1961,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             var value1 = context.GetU32(operation.GetSource(3));
 
             SpvInstruction elemPointer;
-            Instruction mr = operation.Inst & Instruction.MrMask;
 
-            if (mr == Instruction.MrStorage)
+            if (operation.StorageKind == StorageKind.StorageBuffer)
             {
                 elemPointer = GetStorageElemPointer(context, operation);
             }
-            else if (mr == Instruction.MrShared)
+            else if (operation.StorageKind == StorageKind.SharedMemory)
             {
                 var offset = context.GetU32(operation.GetSource(0));
                 elemPointer = context.AccessChain(context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Workgroup, context.TypeU32()), context.SharedMemory, offset);
             }
             else
             {
-                throw new InvalidOperationException($"Invalid storage class \"{mr}\".");
+                throw new InvalidOperationException($"Invalid storage kind \"{operation.StorageKind}\".");
             }
 
             var one = context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 1);
@@ -2032,6 +1982,163 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             return new OperationResult(AggregateType.U32, context.AtomicCompareExchange(context.TypeU32(), elemPointer, one, zero, zero, value1, value0));
         }
 
+        private static OperationResult GenerateLoadOrStore(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation, bool isStore)
+        {
+            StorageKind storageKind = operation.StorageKind;
+
+            SpvInstruction pointer;
+            AggregateType varType;
+            int srcIndex = 0;
+
+            switch (storageKind)
+            {
+                case StorageKind.Input:
+                case StorageKind.InputPerPatch:
+                case StorageKind.Output:
+                case StorageKind.OutputPerPatch:
+                    if (!(operation.GetSource(srcIndex++) is AstOperand varId) || varId.Type != OperandType.Constant)
+                    {
+                        throw new InvalidOperationException($"First input of {operation.Inst} with {storageKind} storage must be a constant operand.");
+                    }
+
+                    IoVariable ioVariable = (IoVariable)varId.Value;
+                    bool isOutput = storageKind.IsOutput();
+                    bool isPerPatch = storageKind.IsPerPatch();
+                    int location = 0;
+                    int component = 0;
+
+                    if (context.Config.HasPerLocationInputOrOutput(ioVariable, isOutput))
+                    {
+                        if (!(operation.GetSource(srcIndex++) is AstOperand vecIndex) || vecIndex.Type != OperandType.Constant)
+                        {
+                            throw new InvalidOperationException($"Second input of {operation.Inst} with {storageKind} storage must be a constant operand.");
+                        }
+
+                        location = vecIndex.Value;
+
+                        if (operation.SourcesCount > srcIndex &&
+                            operation.GetSource(srcIndex) is AstOperand elemIndex &&
+                            elemIndex.Type == OperandType.Constant &&
+                            context.Config.HasPerLocationInputOrOutputComponent(ioVariable, location, elemIndex.Value, isOutput))
+                        {
+                            component = elemIndex.Value;
+                            srcIndex++;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined)
+                    {
+                        varType = context.Config.GetUserDefinedType(location, isOutput);
+                    }
+                    else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor)
+                    {
+                        varType = context.Config.GetFragmentOutputColorType(location);
+                    }
+                    else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.FragmentOutputIsBgra)
+                    {
+                        var pointerType = context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Uniform, context.TypeU32());
+                        var elemIndex = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                        pointer = context.AccessChain(pointerType, context.SupportBuffer, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 1), elemIndex);
+                        varType = AggregateType.U32;
+
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.SupportBlockRenderScale)
+                    {
+                        var pointerType = context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Uniform, context.TypeFP32());
+                        var elemIndex = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                        pointer = context.AccessChain(pointerType, context.SupportBuffer, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 4), elemIndex);
+                        varType = AggregateType.FP32;
+
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    else if (ioVariable == IoVariable.SupportBlockViewInverse)
+                    {
+                        var pointerType = context.TypePointer(StorageClass.Uniform, context.TypeFP32());
+                        var elemIndex = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                        pointer = context.AccessChain(pointerType, context.SupportBuffer, context.Constant(context.TypeU32(), 2), elemIndex);
+                        varType = AggregateType.FP32;
+
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        (_, varType) = IoMap.GetSpirvBuiltIn(ioVariable);
+                    }
+
+                    varType &= AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
+
+                    int inputsCount = (isStore ? operation.SourcesCount - 1 : operation.SourcesCount) - srcIndex;
+                    var storageClass = isOutput ? StorageClass.Output : StorageClass.Input;
+
+                    var ioDefinition = new IoDefinition(storageKind, ioVariable, location, component);
+                    var dict = isPerPatch
+                        ? (isOutput ? context.OutputsPerPatch : context.InputsPerPatch)
+                        : (isOutput ? context.Outputs : context.Inputs);
+
+                    SpvInstruction baseObj = dict[ioDefinition];
+                    SpvInstruction e0, e1, e2;
+
+                    switch (inputsCount)
+                    {
+                        case 0:
+                            pointer = baseObj;
+                            break;
+                        case 1:
+                            e0 = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                            pointer = context.AccessChain(context.TypePointer(storageClass, context.GetType(varType)), baseObj, e0);
+                            break;
+                        case 2:
+                            e0 = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                            e1 = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                            pointer = context.AccessChain(context.TypePointer(storageClass, context.GetType(varType)), baseObj, e0, e1);
+                            break;
+                        case 3:
+                            e0 = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                            e1 = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                            e2 = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex++));
+                            pointer = context.AccessChain(context.TypePointer(storageClass, context.GetType(varType)), baseObj, e0, e1, e2);
+                            break;
+                        default:
+                            var indexes = new SpvInstruction[inputsCount];
+                            int index = 0;
+
+                            for (; index < inputsCount; srcIndex++, index++)
+                            {
+                                indexes[index] = context.Get(AggregateType.S32, operation.GetSource(srcIndex));
+                            }
+
+                            pointer = context.AccessChain(context.TypePointer(storageClass, context.GetType(varType)), baseObj, indexes);
+                            break;
+                    }
+                    break;
+
+                default:
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException($"Invalid storage kind {storageKind}.");
+            }
+
+            if (isStore)
+            {
+                context.Store(pointer, context.Get(varType, operation.GetSource(srcIndex)));
+                return OperationResult.Invalid;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                var result = context.Load(context.GetType(varType), pointer);
+                return new OperationResult(varType, result);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static SpvInstruction GetScalarInput(CodeGenContext context, IoVariable ioVariable)
+        {
+            (_, var varType) = IoMap.GetSpirvBuiltIn(ioVariable);
+            varType &= AggregateType.ElementTypeMask;
+
+            var ioDefinition = new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, ioVariable);
+
+            return context.Load(context.GetType(varType), context.Inputs[ioDefinition]);
+        }
+
         private static void GenerateStoreSharedSmallInt(CodeGenContext context, AstOperation operation, int bitSize)
         {
             var offset = context.Get(AggregateType.U32, operation.GetSource(0));
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/IoMap.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/IoMap.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d2ff0085
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/IoMap.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.IntermediateRepresentation;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation;
+using static Spv.Specification;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
+{
+    static class IoMap
+    {
+        // At least 16 attributes are guaranteed by the spec.
+        private const int MaxAttributes = 16;
+
+        public static (BuiltIn, AggregateType) GetSpirvBuiltIn(IoVariable ioVariable)
+        {
+            return ioVariable switch
+            {
+                IoVariable.BaseInstance => (BuiltIn.BaseInstance, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.BaseVertex => (BuiltIn.BaseVertex, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.ClipDistance => (BuiltIn.ClipDistance, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.CtaId => (BuiltIn.WorkgroupId, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.DrawIndex => (BuiltIn.DrawIndex, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.FragmentCoord => (BuiltIn.FragCoord, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.FragmentOutputDepth => (BuiltIn.FragDepth, AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.FrontFacing => (BuiltIn.FrontFacing, AggregateType.Bool),
+                IoVariable.InstanceId => (BuiltIn.InstanceId, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.InstanceIndex => (BuiltIn.InstanceIndex, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.InvocationId => (BuiltIn.InvocationId, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.Layer => (BuiltIn.Layer, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.PatchVertices => (BuiltIn.PatchVertices, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.PointCoord => (BuiltIn.PointCoord, AggregateType.Vector2 | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.PointSize => (BuiltIn.PointSize, AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.Position => (BuiltIn.Position, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.PrimitiveId => (BuiltIn.PrimitiveId, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.SubgroupEqMask => (BuiltIn.SubgroupEqMask, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.SubgroupGeMask => (BuiltIn.SubgroupGeMask, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.SubgroupGtMask => (BuiltIn.SubgroupGtMask, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId => (BuiltIn.SubgroupLocalInvocationId, AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.SubgroupLeMask => (BuiltIn.SubgroupLeMask, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.SubgroupLtMask => (BuiltIn.SubgroupLtMask, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.TessellationCoord => (BuiltIn.TessCoord, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.TessellationLevelInner => (BuiltIn.TessLevelInner, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.TessellationLevelOuter => (BuiltIn.TessLevelOuter, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32),
+                IoVariable.ThreadId => (BuiltIn.LocalInvocationId, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32),
+                IoVariable.ThreadKill => (BuiltIn.HelperInvocation, AggregateType.Bool),
+                IoVariable.VertexId => (BuiltIn.VertexId, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.VertexIndex => (BuiltIn.VertexIndex, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.ViewportIndex => (BuiltIn.ViewportIndex, AggregateType.S32),
+                IoVariable.ViewportMask => (BuiltIn.ViewportMaskNV, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.S32),
+                _ => (default, AggregateType.Invalid)
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static int GetSpirvBuiltInArrayLength(IoVariable ioVariable)
+        {
+            return ioVariable switch
+            {
+                IoVariable.ClipDistance => 8,
+                IoVariable.TessellationLevelInner => 2,
+                IoVariable.TessellationLevelOuter => 4,
+                IoVariable.ViewportMask => 1,
+                IoVariable.UserDefined => MaxAttributes,
+                _ => 1
+            };
+        }
+
+        public static bool IsPerVertex(IoVariable ioVariable, ShaderStage stage, bool isOutput)
+        {
+            switch (ioVariable)
+            {
+                case IoVariable.Layer:
+                case IoVariable.ViewportIndex:
+                case IoVariable.PointSize:
+                case IoVariable.Position:
+                case IoVariable.UserDefined:
+                case IoVariable.ClipDistance:
+                case IoVariable.PointCoord:
+                case IoVariable.ViewportMask:
+                return !isOutput &&
+                       (stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl ||
+                       stage == ShaderStage.TessellationEvaluation ||
+                       stage == ShaderStage.Geometry);
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/ScalingHelpers.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/ScalingHelpers.cs
index 8503771c..f6c218c6 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/ScalingHelpers.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/ScalingHelpers.cs
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             var vectorFloat = context.ConvertSToF(vector2Type, vector);
             var vectorScaled = context.VectorTimesScalar(vector2Type, vectorFloat, scaleNegated);
 
-            var fragCoordPointer = context.Inputs[AttributeConsts.PositionX];
+            var fragCoordPointer = context.Inputs[new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.FragmentCoord)];
             var fragCoord = context.Load(context.TypeVector(context.TypeFP32(), 4), fragCoordPointer);
             var fragCoordXY = context.VectorShuffle(vector2Type, fragCoord, fragCoord, 0, 1);
 
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/SpirvGenerator.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/SpirvGenerator.cs
index ca823538..3e11a974 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/SpirvGenerator.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/SpirvGenerator.cs
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
             if (config.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
             {
-                if (context.Info.Inputs.Contains(AttributeConsts.Layer))
+                if (context.Info.IoDefinitions.Contains(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Layer)))
                 {
                     context.AddCapability(Capability.Geometry);
                 }
@@ -93,13 +93,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                 context.AddCapability(Capability.DrawParameters);
             }
 
-            Declarations.DeclareAll(context, info);
+            if (context.Info.IoDefinitions.Contains(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.ViewportMask)))
+            {
+                context.AddExtension("SPV_NV_viewport_array2");
+                context.AddCapability(Capability.ShaderViewportMaskNV);
+            }
 
             if ((info.HelperFunctionsMask & NeedsInvocationIdMask) != 0)
             {
-                Declarations.DeclareInvocationId(context);
+                info.IoDefinitions.Add(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.SubgroupLaneId));
             }
 
+            Declarations.DeclareAll(context, info);
+
             for (int funcIndex = 0; funcIndex < info.Functions.Count; funcIndex++)
             {
                 var function = info.Functions[funcIndex];
@@ -203,7 +209,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
                     if (context.Config.Options.TargetApi == TargetApi.Vulkan)
                     {
-                        // We invert the front face on Vulkan backend, so we need to do that here aswell.
+                        // We invert the front face on Vulkan backend, so we need to do that here as well.
                         tessCw = !tessCw;
                     }
 
@@ -250,7 +256,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                         ? ExecutionMode.OriginUpperLeft
                         : ExecutionMode.OriginLowerLeft);
 
-                    if (context.Outputs.ContainsKey(AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputDepth))
+                    if (context.Info.IoDefinitions.Contains(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.FragmentOutputDepth)))
                     {
                         context.AddExecutionMode(spvFunc, ExecutionMode.DepthReplacing);
                     }
@@ -389,21 +395,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
                         var source = context.Get(dest.VarType, assignment.Source);
                         context.Store(context.GetLocalPointer(dest), source);
                     }
-                    else if (dest.Type == OperandType.Attribute || dest.Type == OperandType.AttributePerPatch)
-                    {
-                        bool perPatch = dest.Type == OperandType.AttributePerPatch;
-
-                        if (AttributeInfo.Validate(context.Config, dest.Value, isOutAttr: true, perPatch))
-                        {
-                            AggregateType elemType;
-
-                            var elemPointer = perPatch
-                                ? context.GetAttributePerPatchElemPointer(dest.Value, true, out elemType)
-                                : context.GetAttributeElemPointer(dest.Value, true, null, out elemType);
-
-                            context.Store(elemPointer, context.Get(elemType, assignment.Source));
-                        }
-                    }
                     else if (dest.Type == OperandType.Argument)
                     {
                         var source = context.Get(dest.VarType, assignment.Source);