Add the TamperMachine module for runtime mods and cheats (#1928)

* Add initial implementation of the Tamper Machine

* Implement Atmosphere opcodes 0, 4 and 9

* Add missing TamperCompilationException class

* Implement Atmosphere conditional and loop opcodes 1, 2 and 3

* Inplement input conditional opcode 8

* Add register store opcode A

* Implement extended pause/resume opcodes FF0 and FF1

* Implement extended log opcode FFF

* Implement extended register conditional opcode C0

* Refactor TamperProgram to an interface

* Moved Atmosphere classes to a separate subdirectory

* Fix OpProcCtrl class not setting process

* Implement extended register save/restore opcodes C1, C2 and C3

* Refactor code emitters to separate classes

* Supress memory access errors from the Tamper Machine

* Add debug information to tamper register and memory writes

* Add block stack check to Atmosphere Cheat compiler

* Add handheld input support to Tamper Machine

* Fix code styling

* Fix build id and cheat case mismatch

* Fix invalid immediate size selection

* Print build ids of the title

* Prevent Tamper Machine from change code regions

* Remove Atmosphere namespace

* Remove empty cheats from the list

* Prevent code modification without disabling the tampering

* Fix missing addressing mode in LoadRegisterWithMemory

* Fix wrong addressing in RegisterConditional

* Add name to the tamper machine thread

* Fix code styling

1 files changed, 99 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Tamper/CodeEmitters/StoreRegisterToMemory.cs b/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Tamper/CodeEmitters/StoreRegisterToMemory.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..422ff298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Tamper/CodeEmitters/StoreRegisterToMemory.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+using Ryujinx.HLE.Exceptions;
+using Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Tamper.Operations;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.HLE.HOS.Tamper.CodeEmitters
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Code type 10 allows writing a register to memory.
+    /// </summary>
+    class StoreRegisterToMemory
+    {
+        private const int OperationWidthIndex = 1;
+        private const int SourceRegisterIndex = 2;
+        private const int AddressRegisterIndex = 3;
+        private const int IncrementAddressRegisterIndex = 4;
+        private const int AddressingTypeIndex = 5;
+        private const int RegisterOrMemoryRegionIndex = 6;
+        private const int OffsetImmediateIndex = 7;
+
+        private const int AddressRegister = 0;
+        private const int AddressRegisterWithOffsetRegister = 1;
+        private const int OffsetImmediate = 2;
+        private const int MemoryRegionWithOffsetRegister = 3;
+        private const int MemoryRegionWithOffsetImmediate = 4;
+        private const int MemoryRegionWithOffsetRegisterAndImmediate = 5;
+
+        private const int OffsetImmediateSize1 = 1;
+        private const int OffsetImmediateSize9 = 9;
+
+        public static void Emit(byte[] instruction, CompilationContext context)
+        {
+            // ATSRIOxa (aaaaaaaa)
+            // T: Width of memory write (1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes).
+            // S: Register to write to memory.
+            // R: Register to use as base address.
+            // I: Increment register flag (0 = do not increment R, 1 = increment R by T).
+            // O: Offset type, see below.
+            // x: Register used as offset when O is 1, Memory type when O is 3, 4 or 5.
+            // a: Value used as offset when O is 2, 4 or 5.
+
+            byte operationWidth = instruction[OperationWidthIndex];
+            Register sourceRegister = context.GetRegister(instruction[SourceRegisterIndex]);
+            Register addressRegister = context.GetRegister(instruction[AddressRegisterIndex]);
+            byte incrementAddressRegister = instruction[IncrementAddressRegisterIndex];
+            byte offsetType = instruction[AddressingTypeIndex];
+            byte registerOrMemoryRegion = instruction[RegisterOrMemoryRegionIndex];
+            int immediateSize = instruction.Length <= 8 ? OffsetImmediateSize1 : OffsetImmediateSize9;
+            ulong immediate = InstructionHelper.GetImmediate(instruction, OffsetImmediateIndex, immediateSize);
+
+            Pointer destinationMemory;
+
+            switch (offsetType)
+            {
+                case AddressRegister:
+                    // *($R) = $S
+                    destinationMemory = MemoryHelper.EmitPointer(addressRegister, context);
+                    break;
+                case AddressRegisterWithOffsetRegister:
+                    // *($R + $x) = $S
+                    Register offsetRegister = context.GetRegister(registerOrMemoryRegion);
+                    destinationMemory = MemoryHelper.EmitPointer(addressRegister, offsetRegister, context);
+                    break;
+                case OffsetImmediate:
+                    // *(#a) = $S
+                    destinationMemory = MemoryHelper.EmitPointer(addressRegister, immediate, context);
+                    break;
+                case MemoryRegionWithOffsetRegister:
+                    // *(?x + $R) = $S
+                    destinationMemory = MemoryHelper.EmitPointer((MemoryRegion)registerOrMemoryRegion, addressRegister, context);
+                    break;
+                case MemoryRegionWithOffsetImmediate:
+                    // *(?x + #a) = $S
+                    destinationMemory = MemoryHelper.EmitPointer((MemoryRegion)registerOrMemoryRegion, immediate, context);
+                    break;
+                case MemoryRegionWithOffsetRegisterAndImmediate:
+                    // *(?x + #a + $R) = $S
+                    destinationMemory = MemoryHelper.EmitPointer((MemoryRegion)registerOrMemoryRegion, addressRegister, immediate, context);
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new TamperCompilationException($"Invalid offset type {offsetType} in Atmosphere cheat");
+            }
+
+            InstructionHelper.EmitMov(operationWidth, context, destinationMemory, sourceRegister);
+
+            switch (incrementAddressRegister)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    // Don't increment the address register by operationWidth.
+                    break;
+                case 1:
+                    // Increment the address register by operationWidth.
+                    IOperand increment = new Value<ulong>(operationWidth);
+                    context.CurrentOperations.Add(new OpAdd<ulong>(addressRegister, addressRegister, increment));
+                    break;
+                default:
+                    throw new TamperCompilationException($"Invalid increment mode {incrementAddressRegister} in Atmosphere cheat");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}