Refactor attribute handling on the shader generator (#4565)

* Refactor attribute handling on the shader generator

* Implement gl_ViewportMask[]

* Add back the Intel FrontFacing bug workaround

* Fix GLSL transform feedback outputs mistmatch with fragment stage

* Shader cache version bump

* Fix geometry shader recognition

* PR feedback

* Delete GetOperandDef and GetOperandUse

* Remove replacements that are no longer needed on GLSL compilation on Vulkan

* Fix incorrect load for per-patch outputs

* Fix build

12 files changed, 528 insertions, 443 deletions

diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeConsts.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeConsts.cs
index 08efbc9f..683b0d8a 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeConsts.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeConsts.cs
@@ -2,104 +2,35 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 {
     static class AttributeConsts
     {
-        public const int TessLevelOuter0     = 0x000;
-        public const int TessLevelOuter1     = 0x004;
-        public const int TessLevelOuter2     = 0x008;
-        public const int TessLevelOuter3     = 0x00c;
-        public const int TessLevelInner0     = 0x010;
-        public const int TessLevelInner1     = 0x014;
-        public const int PrimitiveId         = 0x060;
-        public const int Layer               = 0x064;
-        public const int ViewportIndex       = 0x068;
-        public const int PointSize           = 0x06c;
-        public const int PositionX           = 0x070;
-        public const int PositionY           = 0x074;
-        public const int PositionZ           = 0x078;
-        public const int PositionW           = 0x07c;
-        public const int FrontColorDiffuseR  = 0x280;
-        public const int FrontColorDiffuseG  = 0x284;
-        public const int FrontColorDiffuseB  = 0x288;
-        public const int FrontColorDiffuseA  = 0x28c;
-        public const int FrontColorSpecularR = 0x290;
-        public const int FrontColorSpecularG = 0x294;
-        public const int FrontColorSpecularB = 0x298;
-        public const int FrontColorSpecularA = 0x29c;
-        public const int BackColorDiffuseR   = 0x2a0;
-        public const int BackColorDiffuseG   = 0x2a4;
-        public const int BackColorDiffuseB   = 0x2a8;
-        public const int BackColorDiffuseA   = 0x2ac;
-        public const int BackColorSpecularR  = 0x2b0;
-        public const int BackColorSpecularG  = 0x2b4;
-        public const int BackColorSpecularB  = 0x2b8;
-        public const int BackColorSpecularA  = 0x2bc;
-        public const int ClipDistance0       = 0x2c0;
-        public const int ClipDistance1       = 0x2c4;
-        public const int ClipDistance2       = 0x2c8;
-        public const int ClipDistance3       = 0x2cc;
-        public const int ClipDistance4       = 0x2d0;
-        public const int ClipDistance5       = 0x2d4;
-        public const int ClipDistance6       = 0x2d8;
-        public const int ClipDistance7       = 0x2dc;
-        public const int PointCoordX         = 0x2e0;
-        public const int PointCoordY         = 0x2e4;
-        public const int TessCoordX          = 0x2f0;
-        public const int TessCoordY          = 0x2f4;
-        public const int InstanceId          = 0x2f8;
-        public const int VertexId            = 0x2fc;
-        public const int TexCoordCount       = 10;
-        public const int TexCoordBase        = 0x300;
-        public const int TexCoordEnd         = TexCoordBase + TexCoordCount * 16;
-        public const int FrontFacing         = 0x3fc;
+        public const int PrimitiveId = 0x060;
+        public const int Layer = 0x064;
+        public const int PositionX = 0x070;
+        public const int PositionY = 0x074;
+        public const int FrontColorDiffuseR = 0x280;
+        public const int BackColorDiffuseR = 0x2a0;
+        public const int ClipDistance0 = 0x2c0;
+        public const int ClipDistance1 = 0x2c4;
+        public const int ClipDistance2 = 0x2c8;
+        public const int ClipDistance3 = 0x2cc;
+        public const int ClipDistance4 = 0x2d0;
+        public const int ClipDistance5 = 0x2d4;
+        public const int ClipDistance6 = 0x2d8;
+        public const int ClipDistance7 = 0x2dc;
+        public const int FogCoord = 0x2e8;
+        public const int TessCoordX = 0x2f0;
+        public const int TessCoordY = 0x2f4;
+        public const int InstanceId = 0x2f8;
+        public const int VertexId = 0x2fc;
+        public const int TexCoordCount = 10;
+        public const int TexCoordBase = 0x300;
+        public const int TexCoordEnd = TexCoordBase + TexCoordCount * 16;
+        public const int FrontFacing = 0x3fc;
 
         public const int UserAttributesCount = 32;
-        public const int UserAttributeBase   = 0x80;
-        public const int UserAttributeEnd    = UserAttributeBase + UserAttributesCount * 16;
+        public const int UserAttributeBase = 0x80;
+        public const int UserAttributeEnd = UserAttributeBase + UserAttributesCount * 16;
 
         public const int UserAttributePerPatchBase = 0x18;
-        public const int UserAttributePerPatchEnd  = 0x200;
-
-        public const int LoadOutputMask = 1 << 30;
-        public const int Mask = 0x3fffffff;
-
-
-        // Note: Those attributes are used internally by the translator
-        // only, they don't exist on Maxwell.
-        public const int SpecialMask             = 0xf << 24;
-        public const int FragmentOutputDepth     = 0x1000000;
-        public const int FragmentOutputColorBase = 0x1000010;
-        public const int FragmentOutputColorEnd  = FragmentOutputColorBase + 8 * 16;
-
-        public const int FragmentOutputIsBgraBase = 0x1000100;
-        public const int FragmentOutputIsBgraEnd  = FragmentOutputIsBgraBase + 8 * 4;
-
-        public const int SupportBlockViewInverseX = 0x1000200;
-        public const int SupportBlockViewInverseY = 0x1000204;
-
-        public const int ThreadIdX = 0x2000000;
-        public const int ThreadIdY = 0x2000004;
-        public const int ThreadIdZ = 0x2000008;
-
-        public const int CtaIdX = 0x2000010;
-        public const int CtaIdY = 0x2000014;
-        public const int CtaIdZ = 0x2000018;
-
-        public const int LaneId = 0x2000020;
-
-        public const int InvocationId = 0x2000024;
-        public const int PatchVerticesIn = 0x2000028;
-
-        public const int EqMask = 0x2000030;
-        public const int GeMask = 0x2000034;
-        public const int GtMask = 0x2000038;
-        public const int LeMask = 0x200003c;
-        public const int LtMask = 0x2000040;
-
-        public const int ThreadKill = 0x2000044;
-
-        public const int BaseInstance = 0x2000050;
-        public const int BaseVertex = 0x2000054;
-        public const int InstanceIndex = 0x2000058;
-        public const int VertexIndex = 0x200005c;
-        public const int DrawIndex = 0x2000060;
+        public const int UserAttributePerPatchEnd = 0x200;
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeInfo.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeInfo.cs
deleted file mode 100644
index b671429a..00000000
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/AttributeInfo.cs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-
-namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
-{
-    readonly struct AttributeInfo
-    {
-        private static readonly Dictionary<int, AttributeInfo> _builtInAttributes = new Dictionary<int, AttributeInfo>()
-        {
-            { AttributeConsts.Layer,         new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.Layer,         0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ViewportIndex, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ViewportIndex, 0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PointSize,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PointSize,     0, 1, AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PositionX,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PositionX,     0, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PositionY,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PositionX,     1, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PositionZ,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PositionX,     2, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PositionW,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PositionX,     3, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 0, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance1, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 1, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance2, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 2, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance3, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 3, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance4, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 4, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance5, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 5, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance6, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 6, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ClipDistance7, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ClipDistance0, 7, 8, AggregateType.Array   | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PointCoordX,   new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PointCoordX,   0, 2, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PointCoordY,   new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PointCoordX,   1, 2, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessCoordX,    new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessCoordX,    0, 3, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessCoordY,    new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessCoordX,    1, 3, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.InstanceId,    new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.InstanceId,    0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.VertexId,      new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.VertexId,      0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.BaseInstance,  new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.BaseInstance,  0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.BaseVertex,    new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.BaseVertex,    0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.InstanceIndex, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.InstanceIndex, 0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.VertexIndex,   new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.VertexIndex,   0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.DrawIndex,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.DrawIndex,     0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.FrontFacing,   new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.FrontFacing,   0, 1, AggregateType.Bool) },
-
-            // Special.
-            { AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputDepth, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputDepth, 0, 1, AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ThreadKill,          new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ThreadKill,          0, 1, AggregateType.Bool) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ThreadIdX,           new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ThreadIdX,           0, 3, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ThreadIdY,           new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ThreadIdX,           1, 3, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.ThreadIdZ,           new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.ThreadIdX,           2, 3, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.CtaIdX,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.CtaIdX,              0, 3, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.CtaIdY,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.CtaIdX,              1, 3, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.CtaIdZ,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.CtaIdX,              2, 3, AggregateType.Vector3 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.LaneId,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.LaneId,              0, 1, AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.InvocationId,        new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.InvocationId,        0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PrimitiveId,         new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PrimitiveId,         0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.PatchVerticesIn,     new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.PatchVerticesIn,     0, 1, AggregateType.S32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.EqMask,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.EqMask,              0, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.GeMask,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.GeMask,              0, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.GtMask,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.GtMask,              0, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.LeMask,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.LeMask,              0, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.LtMask,              new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.LtMask,              0, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.U32) },
-        };
-
-        private static readonly Dictionary<int, AttributeInfo> _builtInAttributesPerPatch = new Dictionary<int, AttributeInfo>()
-        {
-            { AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter0, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter0, 0, 4, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter1, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter0, 1, 4, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter2, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter0, 2, 4, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter3, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessLevelOuter0, 3, 4, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessLevelInner0, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessLevelInner0, 0, 2, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32) },
-            { AttributeConsts.TessLevelInner1, new AttributeInfo(AttributeConsts.TessLevelInner0, 1, 2, AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.FP32) },
-        };
-
-        public int BaseValue { get; }
-        public int Value { get; }
-        public int Length { get; }
-        public AggregateType Type { get; }
-        public bool IsBuiltin { get; }
-        public bool IsValid => Type != AggregateType.Invalid;
-
-        public AttributeInfo(int baseValue, int index, int length, AggregateType type, bool isBuiltin = true)
-        {
-            BaseValue = baseValue;
-            Value = baseValue + index * 4;
-            Length = length;
-            Type = type;
-            IsBuiltin = isBuiltin;
-        }
-
-        public int GetInnermostIndex()
-        {
-            return (Value - BaseValue) / 4;
-        }
-
-        public static bool Validate(ShaderConfig config, int value, bool isOutAttr, bool perPatch)
-        {
-            return perPatch ? ValidatePerPatch(config, value, isOutAttr) : Validate(config, value, isOutAttr);
-        }
-
-        public static bool Validate(ShaderConfig config, int value, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            if (value == AttributeConsts.ViewportIndex && !config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsViewportIndex())
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            return From(config, value, isOutAttr).IsValid;
-        }
-
-        public static bool ValidatePerPatch(ShaderConfig config, int value, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            return FromPatch(config, value, isOutAttr).IsValid;
-        }
-
-        public static AttributeInfo From(ShaderConfig config, int value, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            value &= ~3;
-
-            if (value >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && value < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd)
-            {
-                int location = (value - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) / 16;
-
-                AggregateType elemType;
-
-                if (config.Stage == ShaderStage.Vertex && !isOutAttr)
-                {
-                    elemType = config.GpuAccessor.QueryAttributeType(location).ToAggregateType();
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    elemType = AggregateType.FP32;
-                }
-
-                return new AttributeInfo(value & ~0xf, (value >> 2) & 3, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | elemType, false);
-            }
-            else if (value >= AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorBase && value < AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorEnd)
-            {
-                int location = (value - AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorBase) / 16;
-                var elemType = config.GpuAccessor.QueryFragmentOutputType(location) switch
-                {
-                    AttributeType.Sint => AggregateType.S32,
-                    AttributeType.Uint => AggregateType.U32,
-                    _ => AggregateType.FP32
-                };
-
-                return new AttributeInfo(value & ~0xf, (value >> 2) & 3, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | elemType, false);
-            }
-            else if (value == AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseX || value == AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseY)
-            {
-                return new AttributeInfo(value, 0, 1, AggregateType.FP32);
-            }
-            else if (_builtInAttributes.TryGetValue(value, out AttributeInfo info))
-            {
-                return info;
-            }
-
-            return new AttributeInfo(value, 0, 0, AggregateType.Invalid);
-        }
-
-        public static AttributeInfo FromPatch(ShaderConfig config, int value, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            value &= ~3;
-
-            if (value >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributePerPatchBase && value < AttributeConsts.UserAttributePerPatchEnd)
-            {
-                int offset = (value - AttributeConsts.UserAttributePerPatchBase) & 0xf;
-                return new AttributeInfo(value - offset, offset >> 2, 4, AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32, false);
-            }
-            else if (_builtInAttributesPerPatch.TryGetValue(value, out AttributeInfo info))
-            {
-                return info;
-            }
-
-            return new AttributeInfo(value, 0, 0, AggregateType.Invalid);
-        }
-
-        public static bool IsArrayBuiltIn(int attr)
-        {
-            if (attr <= AttributeConsts.TessLevelInner1 ||
-                attr == AttributeConsts.TessCoordX ||
-                attr == AttributeConsts.TessCoordY)
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            return (attr & AttributeConsts.SpecialMask) == 0;
-        }
-
-        public static bool IsArrayAttributeGlsl(ShaderStage stage, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            if (isOutAttr)
-            {
-                return stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl ||
-                       stage == ShaderStage.TessellationEvaluation ||
-                       stage == ShaderStage.Geometry;
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static bool IsArrayAttributeSpirv(ShaderStage stage, bool isOutAttr)
-        {
-            if (isOutAttr)
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl ||
-                       stage == ShaderStage.TessellationEvaluation ||
-                       stage == ShaderStage.Geometry;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContext.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContext.cs
index 8f33cced..e81f6425 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContext.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContext.cs
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                 (Config.Options.Flags & TranslationFlags.VertexA) == 0)
             {
                 // Vulkan requires the point size to be always written on the shader if the primitive topology is points.
-                this.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.PointSize), ConstF(Config.GpuAccessor.QueryPointSize()));
+                this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.PointSize, null, ConstF(Config.GpuAccessor.QueryPointSize()));
             }
         }
 
@@ -87,6 +87,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             return dest;
         }
 
+        public Operand Add(Instruction inst, StorageKind storageKind, Operand dest = null, params Operand[] sources)
+        {
+            Operation operation = new Operation(inst, storageKind, dest, sources);
+
+            _operations.Add(operation);
+
+            return dest;
+        }
+
         public (Operand, Operand) Add(Instruction inst, (Operand, Operand) dest, params Operand[] sources)
         {
             Operand[] dests = new[] { dest.Item1, dest.Item2 };
@@ -223,30 +232,35 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
         {
             if (Config.GpuAccessor.QueryViewportTransformDisable())
             {
-                Operand x = Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionX | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask);
-                Operand y = Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionY | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask);
-                Operand xScale = Attribute(AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseX);
-                Operand yScale = Attribute(AttributeConsts.SupportBlockViewInverseY);
+                Operand x = this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(0));
+                Operand y = this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(1));
+                Operand xScale = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.SupportBlockViewInverse, null, Const(0));
+                Operand yScale = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.SupportBlockViewInverse, null, Const(1));
                 Operand negativeOne = ConstF(-1.0f);
 
-                this.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionX), this.FPFusedMultiplyAdd(x, xScale, negativeOne));
-                this.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionY), this.FPFusedMultiplyAdd(y, yScale, negativeOne));
+                this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(0), this.FPFusedMultiplyAdd(x, xScale, negativeOne));
+                this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(1), this.FPFusedMultiplyAdd(y, yScale, negativeOne));
             }
 
             if (Config.Options.TargetApi == TargetApi.Vulkan && Config.GpuAccessor.QueryTransformDepthMinusOneToOne())
             {
-                Operand z = Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionZ | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask);
-                Operand w = Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionW | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask);
+                Operand z = this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(2));
+                Operand w = this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(3));
                 Operand halfW = this.FPMultiply(w, ConstF(0.5f));
 
-                this.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionZ), this.FPFusedMultiplyAdd(z, ConstF(0.5f), halfW));
+                this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(2), this.FPFusedMultiplyAdd(z, ConstF(0.5f), halfW));
             }
 
             if (Config.Stage != ShaderStage.Geometry && Config.HasLayerInputAttribute)
             {
                 Config.SetUsedFeature(FeatureFlags.RtLayer);
 
-                this.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.Layer), Attribute(Config.GpLayerInputAttribute | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask));
+                int attrVecIndex = Config.GpLayerInputAttribute >> 2;
+                int attrComponentIndex = Config.GpLayerInputAttribute & 3;
+
+                Operand layer = this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(attrVecIndex), Const(attrComponentIndex));
+
+                this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Layer, null, layer);
             }
         }
 
@@ -255,9 +269,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             if (Config.GpuAccessor.QueryViewportTransformDisable())
             {
                 oldXLocal = Local();
-                this.Copy(oldXLocal, Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionX | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask));
+                this.Copy(oldXLocal, this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(0)));
                 oldYLocal = Local();
-                this.Copy(oldYLocal, Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionY | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask));
+                this.Copy(oldYLocal, this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(1)));
             }
             else
             {
@@ -268,7 +282,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             if (Config.Options.TargetApi == TargetApi.Vulkan && Config.GpuAccessor.QueryTransformDepthMinusOneToOne())
             {
                 oldZLocal = Local();
-                this.Copy(oldZLocal, Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionZ | AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask));
+                this.Copy(oldZLocal, this.Load(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(2)));
             }
             else
             {
@@ -293,17 +307,30 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             }
             else if (Config.Stage == ShaderStage.Geometry)
             {
-                void WriteOutput(int index, int primIndex)
+                void WritePositionOutput(int primIndex)
+                {
+                    Operand x = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Position, Const(primIndex), Const(0));
+                    Operand y = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Position, Const(primIndex), Const(1));
+                    Operand z = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Position, Const(primIndex), Const(2));
+                    Operand w = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Position, Const(primIndex), Const(3));
+
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(0), x);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(1), y);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(2), z);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(3), w);
+                }
+
+                void WriteUserDefinedOutput(int index, int primIndex)
                 {
-                    Operand x = this.LoadAttribute(Const(index), Const(0), Const(primIndex));
-                    Operand y = this.LoadAttribute(Const(index + 4), Const(0), Const(primIndex));
-                    Operand z = this.LoadAttribute(Const(index + 8), Const(0), Const(primIndex));
-                    Operand w = this.LoadAttribute(Const(index + 12), Const(0), Const(primIndex));
-
-                    this.Copy(Attribute(index), x);
-                    this.Copy(Attribute(index + 4), y);
-                    this.Copy(Attribute(index + 8), z);
-                    this.Copy(Attribute(index + 12), w);
+                    Operand x = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.UserDefined, Const(primIndex), Const(index), Const(0));
+                    Operand y = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.UserDefined, Const(primIndex), Const(index), Const(1));
+                    Operand z = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.UserDefined, Const(primIndex), Const(index), Const(2));
+                    Operand w = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.UserDefined, Const(primIndex), Const(index), Const(3));
+
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(index), Const(0), x);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(index), Const(1), y);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(index), Const(2), z);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(index), Const(3), w);
                 }
 
                 if (Config.GpPassthrough && !Config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough())
@@ -312,13 +339,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
                     for (int primIndex = 0; primIndex < inputVertices; primIndex++)
                     {
-                        WriteOutput(AttributeConsts.PositionX, primIndex);
+                        WritePositionOutput(primIndex);
 
                         int passthroughAttributes = Config.PassthroughAttributes;
                         while (passthroughAttributes != 0)
                         {
                             int index = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(passthroughAttributes);
-                            WriteOutput(AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase + index * 16, primIndex);
+                            WriteUserDefinedOutput(index, primIndex);
                             Config.SetOutputUserAttribute(index);
                             passthroughAttributes &= ~(1 << index);
                         }
@@ -337,11 +364,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
                 if (Config.OmapDepth)
                 {
-                    Operand dest = Attribute(AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputDepth);
-
                     Operand src = Register(Config.GetDepthRegister(), RegisterType.Gpr);
 
-                    this.Copy(dest, src);
+                    this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.FragmentOutputDepth, null, src);
                 }
 
                 AlphaTestOp alphaTestOp = Config.GpuAccessor.QueryAlphaTestCompare();
@@ -390,32 +415,30 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                             continue;
                         }
 
-                        int fragmentOutputColorAttr = AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputColorBase + rtIndex * 16;
-
                         Operand src = Register(regIndexBase + component, RegisterType.Gpr);
 
                         // Perform B <-> R swap if needed, for BGRA formats (not supported on OpenGL).
                         if (!supportsBgra && (component == 0 || component == 2))
                         {
-                            Operand isBgra = Attribute(AttributeConsts.FragmentOutputIsBgraBase + rtIndex * 4);
+                            Operand isBgra = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.FragmentOutputIsBgra, null, Const(rtIndex));
 
                             Operand lblIsBgra = Label();
                             Operand lblEnd = Label();
 
                             this.BranchIfTrue(lblIsBgra, isBgra);
 
-                            this.Copy(Attribute(fragmentOutputColorAttr + component * 4), src);
+                            this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor, null, Const(rtIndex), Const(component), src);
                             this.Branch(lblEnd);
 
                             MarkLabel(lblIsBgra);
 
-                            this.Copy(Attribute(fragmentOutputColorAttr + (2 - component) * 4), src);
+                            this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor, null, Const(rtIndex), Const(2 - component), src);
 
                             MarkLabel(lblEnd);
                         }
                         else
                         {
-                            this.Copy(Attribute(fragmentOutputColorAttr + component * 4), src);
+                            this.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor, null, Const(rtIndex), Const(component), src);
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -441,8 +464,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             // 11 01 01 01 01 00 00 00
             Operand ditherMask = Const(unchecked((int)0xfbb99110u));
 
-            Operand x = this.BitwiseAnd(this.FP32ConvertToU32(Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionX)), Const(1));
-            Operand y = this.BitwiseAnd(this.FP32ConvertToU32(Attribute(AttributeConsts.PositionY)), Const(1));
+            Operand fragCoordX = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.FragmentCoord, null, Const(0));
+            Operand fragCoordY = this.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.FragmentCoord, null, Const(1));
+
+            Operand x = this.BitwiseAnd(this.FP32ConvertToU32(fragCoordX), Const(1));
+            Operand y = this.BitwiseAnd(this.FP32ConvertToU32(fragCoordY), Const(1));
             Operand xy = this.BitwiseOr(x, this.ShiftLeft(y, Const(1)));
 
             Operand alpha = Register(3, RegisterType.Gpr);
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContextInsts.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContextInsts.cs
index 1fb60508..93748249 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContextInsts.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/EmitterContextInsts.cs
@@ -7,54 +7,54 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 {
     static class EmitterContextInsts
     {
-        public static Operand AtomicAdd(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicAdd(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicAdd | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicAdd, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicAnd(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicAnd(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicAnd | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicAnd, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicCompareAndSwap(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c, Operand d)
+        public static Operand AtomicCompareAndSwap(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c, Operand d)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicCompareAndSwap | mr, Local(), a, b, c, d);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicCompareAndSwap, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c, d);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicMaxS32(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicMaxS32(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMaxS32 | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMaxS32, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicMaxU32(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicMaxU32(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMaxU32 | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMaxU32, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicMinS32(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicMinS32(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMinS32 | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMinS32, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicMinU32(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicMinU32(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMinU32 | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicMinU32, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicOr(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicOr(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicOr | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicOr, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicSwap(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicSwap(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicSwap | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicSwap, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand AtomicXor(this EmitterContext context, Instruction mr, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand AtomicXor(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicXor | mr, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return context.Add(Instruction.AtomicXor, storageKind, Local(), a, b, c);
         }
 
         public static Operand Ballot(this EmitterContext context, Operand a)
@@ -549,9 +549,36 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             return context.Add(fpType | Instruction.IsNan, Local(), a);
         }
 
-        public static Operand LoadAttribute(this EmitterContext context, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand Load(this EmitterContext context, StorageKind storageKind, IoVariable ioVariable, Operand primVertex = null)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.LoadAttribute, Local(), a, b, c);
+            return primVertex != null
+                ? context.Add(Instruction.Load, storageKind, Local(), Const((int)ioVariable), primVertex)
+                : context.Add(Instruction.Load, storageKind, Local(), Const((int)ioVariable));
+        }
+
+        public static Operand Load(
+            this EmitterContext context,
+            StorageKind storageKind,
+            IoVariable ioVariable,
+            Operand primVertex,
+            Operand elemIndex)
+        {
+            return primVertex != null
+                ? context.Add(Instruction.Load, storageKind, Local(), Const((int)ioVariable), primVertex, elemIndex)
+                : context.Add(Instruction.Load, storageKind, Local(), Const((int)ioVariable), elemIndex);
+        }
+
+        public static Operand Load(
+            this EmitterContext context,
+            StorageKind storageKind,
+            IoVariable ioVariable,
+            Operand primVertex,
+            Operand arrayIndex,
+            Operand elemIndex)
+        {
+            return primVertex != null
+                ? context.Add(Instruction.Load, storageKind, Local(), Const((int)ioVariable), primVertex, arrayIndex, elemIndex)
+                : context.Add(Instruction.Load, storageKind, Local(), Const((int)ioVariable), arrayIndex, elemIndex);
         }
 
         public static Operand LoadConstant(this EmitterContext context, Operand a, Operand b)
@@ -662,9 +689,43 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             return context.Add(Instruction.ShuffleXor, (Local(), Local()), a, b, c);
         }
 
-        public static Operand StoreAttribute(this EmitterContext context, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
+        public static Operand Store(
+            this EmitterContext context,
+            StorageKind storageKind,
+            IoVariable ioVariable,
+            Operand invocationId,
+            Operand value)
+        {
+            return invocationId != null
+                ? context.Add(Instruction.Store, storageKind, null, Const((int)ioVariable), invocationId, value)
+                : context.Add(Instruction.Store, storageKind, null, Const((int)ioVariable), value);
+        }
+
+        public static Operand Store(
+            this EmitterContext context,
+            StorageKind storageKind,
+            IoVariable ioVariable,
+            Operand invocationId,
+            Operand elemIndex,
+            Operand value)
+        {
+            return invocationId != null
+                ? context.Add(Instruction.Store, storageKind, null, Const((int)ioVariable), invocationId, elemIndex, value)
+                : context.Add(Instruction.Store, storageKind, null, Const((int)ioVariable), elemIndex, value);
+        }
+
+        public static Operand Store(
+            this EmitterContext context,
+            StorageKind storageKind,
+            IoVariable ioVariable,
+            Operand invocationId,
+            Operand arrayIndex,
+            Operand elemIndex,
+            Operand value)
         {
-            return context.Add(Instruction.StoreAttribute, null, a, b, c);
+            return invocationId != null
+                ? context.Add(Instruction.Store, storageKind, null, Const((int)ioVariable), invocationId, arrayIndex, elemIndex, value)
+                : context.Add(Instruction.Store, storageKind, null, Const((int)ioVariable), arrayIndex, elemIndex, value);
         }
 
         public static Operand StoreGlobal(this EmitterContext context, Operand a, Operand b, Operand c)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/GlobalMemory.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/GlobalMemory.cs
index 3915c0d5..774a128d 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/GlobalMemory.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/GlobalMemory.cs
@@ -16,20 +16,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
         public const int UbeDescsSize  = StorageDescSize * UbeMaxCount;
         public const int UbeFirstCbuf  = 8;
 
-        public static bool UsesGlobalMemory(Instruction inst)
+        public static bool UsesGlobalMemory(Instruction inst, StorageKind storageKind)
         {
-            return (inst.IsAtomic() && IsGlobalMr(inst)) ||
+            return (inst.IsAtomic() && storageKind == StorageKind.GlobalMemory) ||
                     inst == Instruction.LoadGlobal ||
                     inst == Instruction.StoreGlobal ||
                     inst == Instruction.StoreGlobal16 ||
                     inst == Instruction.StoreGlobal8;
         }
 
-        private static bool IsGlobalMr(Instruction inst)
-        {
-            return (inst & Instruction.MrMask) == Instruction.MrGlobal;
-        }
-
         public static int GetStorageCbOffset(ShaderStage stage, int slot)
         {
             return GetStorageBaseCbOffset(stage) + slot * StorageDescSize;
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/GlobalToStorage.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/GlobalToStorage.cs
index c280a6d8..2a4070e0 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/GlobalToStorage.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/GlobalToStorage.cs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                if (UsesGlobalMemory(operation.Inst))
+                if (UsesGlobalMemory(operation.Inst, operation.StorageKind))
                 {
                     Operand source = operation.GetSource(0);
 
@@ -104,9 +104,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
 
             if (isAtomic)
             {
-                Instruction inst = (operation.Inst & ~Instruction.MrMask) | Instruction.MrStorage;
-
-                storageOp = new Operation(inst, operation.Dest, sources);
+                storageOp = new Operation(operation.Inst, StorageKind.StorageBuffer, operation.Dest, sources);
             }
             else if (operation.Inst == Instruction.LoadGlobal)
             {
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/Optimizer.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/Optimizer.cs
index a2219b36..bae774ee 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/Optimizer.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Optimizations/Optimizer.cs
@@ -170,10 +170,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation.Optimizations
                 return false;
             }
 
-            return x.Type == OperandType.Attribute ||
-                   x.Type == OperandType.AttributePerPatch ||
-                   x.Type == OperandType.Constant ||
-                   x.Type == OperandType.ConstantBuffer;
+            // TODO: Handle Load operations with the same storage and the same constant parameters.
+            return x.Type == OperandType.Constant || x.Type == OperandType.ConstantBuffer;
         }
 
         private static bool PropagatePack(Operation packOp)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Rewriter.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Rewriter.cs
index 3ec4e49a..91e7ace1 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Rewriter.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Rewriter.cs
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                     {
                         if (hasConstantBufferDrawParameters)
                         {
-                            if (ReplaceConstantBufferWithDrawParameters(operation))
+                            if (ReplaceConstantBufferWithDrawParameters(node, operation))
                             {
                                 config.SetUsedFeature(FeatureFlags.DrawParameters);
                             }
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
                         nextNode = node.Next;
                     }
-                    else if (UsesGlobalMemory(operation.Inst))
+                    else if (UsesGlobalMemory(operation.Inst, operation.StorageKind))
                     {
                         nextNode = RewriteGlobalAccess(node, config)?.Next ?? nextNode;
                     }
@@ -169,9 +169,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
                 if (isAtomic)
                 {
-                    Instruction inst = (operation.Inst & ~Instruction.MrMask) | Instruction.MrStorage;
-
-                    storageOp = new Operation(inst, operation.Dest, sources);
+                    storageOp = new Operation(operation.Inst, StorageKind.StorageBuffer, operation.Dest, sources);
                 }
                 else if (operation.Inst == Instruction.LoadGlobal)
                 {
@@ -708,8 +706,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             return node;
         }
 
-        private static bool ReplaceConstantBufferWithDrawParameters(Operation operation)
+        private static bool ReplaceConstantBufferWithDrawParameters(LinkedListNode<INode> node, Operation operation)
         {
+            Operand GenerateLoad(IoVariable ioVariable)
+            {
+                Operand value = Local();
+                node.List.AddBefore(node, new Operation(Instruction.Load, StorageKind.Input, value, Const((int)ioVariable)));
+                return value;
+            }
+
             bool modified = false;
 
             for (int srcIndex = 0; srcIndex < operation.SourcesCount; srcIndex++)
@@ -721,15 +726,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                     switch (src.GetCbufOffset())
                     {
                         case Constants.NvnBaseVertexByteOffset / 4:
-                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, Attribute(AttributeConsts.BaseVertex));
+                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, GenerateLoad(IoVariable.BaseVertex));
                             modified = true;
                             break;
                         case Constants.NvnBaseInstanceByteOffset / 4:
-                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, Attribute(AttributeConsts.BaseInstance));
+                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, GenerateLoad(IoVariable.BaseInstance));
                             modified = true;
                             break;
                         case Constants.NvnDrawIndexByteOffset / 4:
-                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, Attribute(AttributeConsts.DrawIndex));
+                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, GenerateLoad(IoVariable.DrawIndex));
                             modified = true;
                             break;
                     }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderConfig.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderConfig.cs
index 15eb7ed1..22f5a671 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderConfig.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderConfig.cs
@@ -41,6 +41,46 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
         public bool TransformFeedbackEnabled { get; }
 
+        private TransformFeedbackOutput[] _transformFeedbackOutputs;
+
+        readonly struct TransformFeedbackVariable : IEquatable<TransformFeedbackVariable>
+        {
+            public IoVariable IoVariable { get; }
+            public int Location { get; }
+            public int Component { get; }
+
+            public TransformFeedbackVariable(IoVariable ioVariable, int location = 0, int component = 0)
+            {
+                IoVariable = ioVariable;
+                Location = location;
+                Component = component;
+            }
+
+            public override bool Equals(object other)
+            {
+                return other is TransformFeedbackVariable tfbVar && Equals(tfbVar);
+            }
+
+            public bool Equals(TransformFeedbackVariable other)
+            {
+                return IoVariable == other.IoVariable &&
+                    Location == other.Location &&
+                    Component == other.Component;
+            }
+
+            public override int GetHashCode()
+            {
+                return (int)IoVariable | (Location << 8) | (Component << 16);
+            }
+
+            public override string ToString()
+            {
+                return $"{IoVariable}.{Location}.{Component}";
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly Dictionary<TransformFeedbackVariable, TransformFeedbackOutput> _transformFeedbackDefinitions;
+
         public int Size { get; private set; }
 
         public byte ClipDistancesWritten { get; private set; }
@@ -102,6 +142,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             GpuAccessor = gpuAccessor;
             Options     = options;
 
+            _transformFeedbackDefinitions = new Dictionary<TransformFeedbackVariable, TransformFeedbackOutput>();
+
             AccessibleStorageBuffersMask  = (1 << GlobalMemory.StorageMaxCount) - 1;
             AccessibleConstantBuffersMask = (1 << GlobalMemory.UbeMaxCount) - 1;
 
@@ -147,6 +189,173 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             LastInVertexPipeline     = header.Stage < ShaderStage.Fragment;
         }
 
+        private void EnsureTransformFeedbackInitialized()
+        {
+            if (HasTransformFeedbackOutputs() && _transformFeedbackOutputs == null)
+            {
+                TransformFeedbackOutput[] transformFeedbackOutputs = new TransformFeedbackOutput[0xc0];
+                ulong vecMap = 0UL;
+
+                for (int tfbIndex = 0; tfbIndex < 4; tfbIndex++)
+                {
+                    var locations = GpuAccessor.QueryTransformFeedbackVaryingLocations(tfbIndex);
+                    var stride = GpuAccessor.QueryTransformFeedbackStride(tfbIndex);
+
+                    for (int i = 0; i < locations.Length; i++)
+                    {
+                        byte wordOffset = locations[i];
+                        if (wordOffset < 0xc0)
+                        {
+                            transformFeedbackOutputs[wordOffset] = new TransformFeedbackOutput(tfbIndex, i * 4, stride);
+                            vecMap |= 1UL << (wordOffset / 4);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                _transformFeedbackOutputs = transformFeedbackOutputs;
+
+                while (vecMap != 0)
+                {
+                    int vecIndex = BitOperations.TrailingZeroCount(vecMap);
+
+                    for (int subIndex = 0; subIndex < 4; subIndex++)
+                    {
+                        int wordOffset = vecIndex * 4 + subIndex;
+                        int byteOffset = wordOffset * 4;
+
+                        if (transformFeedbackOutputs[wordOffset].Valid)
+                        {
+                            IoVariable ioVariable = Instructions.AttributeMap.GetIoVariable(this, byteOffset, out int location);
+                            int component = 0;
+
+                            if (HasPerLocationInputOrOutputComponent(ioVariable, location, subIndex, isOutput: true))
+                            {
+                                component = subIndex;
+                            }
+
+                            var transformFeedbackVariable = new TransformFeedbackVariable(ioVariable, location, component);
+                            _transformFeedbackDefinitions.TryAdd(transformFeedbackVariable, transformFeedbackOutputs[wordOffset]);
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    vecMap &= ~(1UL << vecIndex);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public TransformFeedbackOutput[] GetTransformFeedbackOutputs()
+        {
+            EnsureTransformFeedbackInitialized();
+            return _transformFeedbackOutputs;
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetTransformFeedbackOutput(IoVariable ioVariable, int location, int component, out TransformFeedbackOutput transformFeedbackOutput)
+        {
+            EnsureTransformFeedbackInitialized();
+            var transformFeedbackVariable = new TransformFeedbackVariable(ioVariable, location, component);
+            return _transformFeedbackDefinitions.TryGetValue(transformFeedbackVariable, out transformFeedbackOutput);
+        }
+
+        private bool HasTransformFeedbackOutputs()
+        {
+            return TransformFeedbackEnabled && (LastInVertexPipeline || Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment);
+        }
+
+        public bool HasTransformFeedbackOutputs(bool isOutput)
+        {
+            return TransformFeedbackEnabled && ((isOutput && LastInVertexPipeline) || (!isOutput && Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment));
+        }
+
+        public bool HasPerLocationInputOrOutput(IoVariable ioVariable, bool isOutput)
+        {
+            if (ioVariable == IoVariable.UserDefined)
+            {
+                return (!isOutput && !UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.IaIndexing)) ||
+                       (isOutput && !UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.OaIndexing));
+            }
+
+            return ioVariable == IoVariable.FragmentOutputColor;
+        }
+
+        public bool HasPerLocationInputOrOutputComponent(IoVariable ioVariable, int location, int component, bool isOutput)
+        {
+            if (ioVariable != IoVariable.UserDefined || !HasTransformFeedbackOutputs(isOutput))
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            return GetTransformFeedbackOutputComponents(location, component) == 1;
+        }
+
+        public TransformFeedbackOutput GetTransformFeedbackOutput(int wordOffset)
+        {
+            EnsureTransformFeedbackInitialized();
+
+            return _transformFeedbackOutputs[wordOffset];
+        }
+
+        public TransformFeedbackOutput GetTransformFeedbackOutput(int location, int component)
+        {
+            return GetTransformFeedbackOutput((AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase / 4) + location * 4 + component);
+        }
+
+        public int GetTransformFeedbackOutputComponents(int location, int component)
+        {
+            EnsureTransformFeedbackInitialized();
+
+            int baseIndex = (AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase / 4) + location * 4;
+            int index = baseIndex + component;
+            int count = 1;
+
+            for (; count < 4; count++)
+            {
+                ref var prev = ref _transformFeedbackOutputs[baseIndex + count - 1];
+                ref var curr = ref _transformFeedbackOutputs[baseIndex + count];
+
+                int prevOffset = prev.Offset;
+                int currOffset = curr.Offset;
+
+                if (!prev.Valid || !curr.Valid || prevOffset + 4 != currOffset)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (baseIndex + count <= index)
+            {
+                return 1;
+            }
+
+            return count;
+        }
+
+        public AggregateType GetFragmentOutputColorType(int location)
+        {
+            return AggregateType.Vector4 | GpuAccessor.QueryFragmentOutputType(location).ToAggregateType();
+        }
+
+        public AggregateType GetUserDefinedType(int location, bool isOutput)
+        {
+            if ((!isOutput && UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.IaIndexing)) ||
+                (isOutput && UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.OaIndexing)))
+            {
+                return AggregateType.Array | AggregateType.Vector4 | AggregateType.FP32;
+            }
+
+            AggregateType type = AggregateType.Vector4;
+
+            if (Stage == ShaderStage.Vertex && !isOutput)
+            {
+                type |= GpuAccessor.QueryAttributeType(location).ToAggregateType();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                type |= AggregateType.FP32;
+            }
+
+            return type;
+        }
+
         public int GetDepthRegister()
         {
             // The depth register is always two registers after the last color output.
@@ -184,7 +393,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             return format;
         }
 
-        private bool FormatSupportsAtomic(TextureFormat format)
+        private static bool FormatSupportsAtomic(TextureFormat format)
         {
             return format == TextureFormat.R32Sint || format == TextureFormat.R32Uint;
         }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderIdentifier.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderIdentifier.cs
index 206718f2..53f1e847 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderIdentifier.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/ShaderIdentifier.cs
@@ -53,40 +53,80 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                         return false;
                     }
 
-                    if (operation.Inst == Instruction.StoreAttribute)
+                    if (operation.Inst == Instruction.Store && operation.StorageKind == StorageKind.Output)
                     {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-
-                    if (operation.Inst == Instruction.Copy && operation.Dest.Type == OperandType.Attribute)
-                    {
-                        Operand src = operation.GetSource(0);
+                        Operand src = operation.GetSource(operation.SourcesCount - 1);
+                        Operation srcAttributeAsgOp = null;
 
-                        if (src.Type == OperandType.LocalVariable && src.AsgOp is Operation asgOp && asgOp.Inst == Instruction.LoadAttribute)
+                        if (src.Type == OperandType.LocalVariable &&
+                            src.AsgOp is Operation asgOp &&
+                            asgOp.Inst == Instruction.Load &&
+                            asgOp.StorageKind.IsInputOrOutput())
                         {
-                            src = Attribute(asgOp.GetSource(0).Value);
+                            if (asgOp.StorageKind != StorageKind.Input)
+                            {
+                                return false;
+                            }
+
+                            srcAttributeAsgOp = asgOp;
                         }
 
-                        if (src.Type == OperandType.Attribute)
+                        if (srcAttributeAsgOp != null)
                         {
-                            if (operation.Dest.Value == AttributeConsts.Layer)
+                            IoVariable dstAttribute = (IoVariable)operation.GetSource(0).Value;
+                            IoVariable srcAttribute = (IoVariable)srcAttributeAsgOp.GetSource(0).Value;
+
+                            if (dstAttribute == IoVariable.Layer && srcAttribute == IoVariable.UserDefined)
                             {
-                                if ((src.Value & AttributeConsts.LoadOutputMask) != 0)
+                                if (srcAttributeAsgOp.SourcesCount != 4)
                                 {
                                     return false;
                                 }
 
                                 writesLayer = true;
-                                layerInputAttr = src.Value;
+                                layerInputAttr = srcAttributeAsgOp.GetSource(1).Value * 4 + srcAttributeAsgOp.GetSource(3).Value;;
                             }
-                            else if (src.Value != operation.Dest.Value)
+                            else
                             {
-                                return false;
+                                if (dstAttribute != srcAttribute)
+                                {
+                                    return false;
+                                }
+
+                                int inputsCount = operation.SourcesCount - 2;
+
+                                if (dstAttribute == IoVariable.UserDefined)
+                                {
+                                    if (operation.GetSource(1).Value != srcAttributeAsgOp.GetSource(1).Value)
+                                    {
+                                        return false;
+                                    }
+
+                                    inputsCount--;
+                                }
+
+                                for (int i = 0; i < inputsCount; i++)
+                                {
+                                    int dstIndex = operation.SourcesCount - 2 - i;
+                                    int srcIndex = srcAttributeAsgOp.SourcesCount - 1 - i;
+
+                                    if ((dstIndex | srcIndex) < 0)
+                                    {
+                                        return false;
+                                    }
+
+                                    if (operation.GetSource(dstIndex).Type != OperandType.Constant ||
+                                        srcAttributeAsgOp.GetSource(srcIndex).Type != OperandType.Constant ||
+                                        operation.GetSource(dstIndex).Value != srcAttributeAsgOp.GetSource(srcIndex).Value)
+                                    {
+                                        return false;
+                                    }
+                                }
                             }
                         }
                         else if (src.Type == OperandType.Constant)
                         {
-                            int dstComponent = (operation.Dest.Value >> 2) & 3;
+                            int dstComponent = operation.GetSource(operation.SourcesCount - 2).Value;
                             float expectedValue = dstComponent == 3 ? 1f : 0f;
 
                             if (src.AsFloat() != expectedValue)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Translator.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Translator.cs
index 6a123045..77d3b568 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Translator.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/Translator.cs
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
             if (config.Stage == ShaderStage.Vertex)
             {
-                InitializeOutput(context, AttributeConsts.PositionX, perPatch: false);
+                InitializePositionOutput(context);
             }
 
             UInt128 usedAttributes = context.Config.NextInputAttributesComponents;
@@ -194,20 +194,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                InitializeOutputComponent(context, AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase + index * 4, perPatch: false);
+                InitializeOutputComponent(context, vecIndex, index & 3, perPatch: false);
             }
 
             if (context.Config.NextUsedInputAttributesPerPatch != null)
             {
                 foreach (int vecIndex in context.Config.NextUsedInputAttributesPerPatch.Order())
                 {
-                    InitializeOutput(context, AttributeConsts.UserAttributePerPatchBase + vecIndex * 16, perPatch: true);
+                    InitializeOutput(context, vecIndex, perPatch: true);
                 }
             }
 
             if (config.NextUsesFixedFuncAttributes)
             {
-                for (int i = 0; i < 4 + AttributeConsts.TexCoordCount; i++)
+                bool supportsLayerFromVertexOrTess = config.GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsLayerVertexTessellation();
+                int fixedStartAttr = supportsLayerFromVertexOrTess ? 0 : 1;
+
+                for (int i = fixedStartAttr; i < fixedStartAttr + 5 + AttributeConsts.TexCoordCount; i++)
                 {
                     int index = config.GetFreeUserAttribute(isOutput: true, i);
                     if (index < 0)
@@ -215,26 +218,58 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                         break;
                     }
 
-                    InitializeOutput(context, AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase + index * 16, perPatch: false);
+                    InitializeOutput(context, index, perPatch: false);
 
                     config.SetOutputUserAttributeFixedFunc(index);
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        private static void InitializeOutput(EmitterContext context, int baseAttr, bool perPatch)
+        private static void InitializePositionOutput(EmitterContext context)
         {
             for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
             {
-                int attrOffset = baseAttr + c * 4;
-                InitializeOutputComponent(context, attrOffset, perPatch);
+                context.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(c), ConstF(c == 3 ? 1f : 0f));
             }
         }
 
-        private static void InitializeOutputComponent(EmitterContext context, int attrOffset, bool perPatch)
+        private static void InitializeOutput(EmitterContext context, int location, bool perPatch)
         {
-            int c = (attrOffset >> 2) & 3;
-            context.Copy(perPatch ? AttributePerPatch(attrOffset) : Attribute(attrOffset), ConstF(c == 3 ? 1f : 0f));
+            for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
+            {
+                InitializeOutputComponent(context, location, c, perPatch);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void InitializeOutputComponent(EmitterContext context, int location, int c, bool perPatch)
+        {
+            StorageKind storageKind = perPatch ? StorageKind.OutputPerPatch : StorageKind.Output;
+
+            if (context.Config.UsedFeatures.HasFlag(FeatureFlags.OaIndexing))
+            {
+                Operand invocationId = null;
+
+                if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && !perPatch)
+                {
+                    invocationId = context.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.InvocationId);
+                }
+
+                int index = location * 4 + c;
+
+                context.Store(storageKind, IoVariable.UserDefined, invocationId, Const(index), ConstF(c == 3 ? 1f : 0f));
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (context.Config.Stage == ShaderStage.TessellationControl && !perPatch)
+                {
+                    Operand invocationId = context.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.InvocationId);
+                    context.Store(storageKind, IoVariable.UserDefined, Const(location), invocationId, Const(c), ConstF(c == 3 ? 1f : 0f));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    context.Store(storageKind, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(location), Const(c), ConstF(c == 3 ? 1f : 0f));
+                }
+            }
         }
 
         private static void EmitOps(EmitterContext context, Block block)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/TranslatorContext.cs b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/TranslatorContext.cs
index 856b16b7..4a304f3a 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/TranslatorContext.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/TranslatorContext.cs
@@ -34,15 +34,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             _config = config;
         }
 
-        private static bool IsUserAttribute(Operand operand)
+        private static bool IsLoadUserDefined(Operation operation)
         {
-            if (operand != null && operand.Type.IsAttribute())
-            {
-                int value = operand.Value & AttributeConsts.Mask;
-                return value >= AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase && value < AttributeConsts.UserAttributeEnd;
-            }
+            // TODO: Check if sources count match and all sources are constant.
+            return operation.Inst == Instruction.Load && (IoVariable)operation.GetSource(0).Value == IoVariable.UserDefined;
+        }
 
-            return false;
+        private static bool IsStoreUserDefined(Operation operation)
+        {
+            // TODO: Check if sources count match and all sources are constant.
+            return operation.Inst == Instruction.Store && (IoVariable)operation.GetSource(0).Value == IoVariable.UserDefined;
         }
 
         private static FunctionCode[] Combine(FunctionCode[] a, FunctionCode[] b, int aStart)
@@ -68,9 +69,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             {
                 Operation operation = a[0].Code[index];
 
-                if (IsUserAttribute(operation.Dest))
+                if (IsStoreUserDefined(operation))
                 {
-                    int tIndex = (operation.Dest.Value - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) / 4;
+                    int tIndex = operation.GetSource(1).Value * 4 + operation.GetSource(2).Value;
 
                     Operand temp = temps[tIndex];
 
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                     }
 
                     operation.Dest = temp;
+                    operation.TurnIntoCopy(operation.GetSource(operation.SourcesCount - 1));
                 }
 
                 if (operation.Inst == Instruction.Return)
@@ -100,18 +102,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             {
                 Operation operation = b[0].Code[index];
 
-                for (int srcIndex = 0; srcIndex < operation.SourcesCount; srcIndex++)
+                if (IsLoadUserDefined(operation))
                 {
-                    Operand src = operation.GetSource(srcIndex);
+                    int tIndex = operation.GetSource(1).Value * 4 + operation.GetSource(2).Value;
 
-                    if (IsUserAttribute(src))
-                    {
-                        Operand temp = temps[(src.Value - AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase) / 4];
+                    Operand temp = temps[tIndex];
 
-                        if (temp != null)
-                        {
-                            operation.SetSource(srcIndex, temp);
-                        }
+                    if (temp != null)
+                    {
+                        operation.TurnIntoCopy(temp);
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -209,15 +208,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                     {
                         int attr = AttributeConsts.UserAttributeBase + attrIndex * 16 + c * 4;
 
-                        Operand value = context.LoadAttribute(Const(attr), Const(0), Const(v));
+                        Operand value = context.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.UserDefined, Const(v), Const(attrIndex), Const(c));
 
                         if (attr == layerOutputAttr)
                         {
-                            context.Copy(Attribute(AttributeConsts.Layer), value);
+                            context.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Layer, null, value);
                         }
                         else
                         {
-                            context.Copy(Attribute(attr), value);
+                            context.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.UserDefined, null, Const(attrIndex), Const(c), value);
                             config.SetOutputUserAttribute(attrIndex);
                         }
 
@@ -227,11 +226,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
 
                 for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
                 {
-                    int attr = AttributeConsts.PositionX + c * 4;
-
-                    Operand value = context.LoadAttribute(Const(attr), Const(0), Const(v));
+                    Operand value = context.Load(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Position, Const(v), Const(c));
 
-                    context.Copy(Attribute(attr), value);
+                    context.Store(StorageKind.Output, IoVariable.Position, null, Const(c), value);
                 }
 
                 context.EmitVertex();