Avalonia - Couple fixes and improvements to vulkan (#3483)

* drop split devices, rebase

* add fallback to opengl if vulkan is not available

* addressed review

* ensure present image references are incremented and decremented when necessary

* allow changing vsync for vulkan

* fix screenshot on avalonia vulkan

* save favorite when toggled

* improve sync between popups

* use separate devices for each new window

* fix crash when closing window

* addressed review

* don't create the main window with immediate mode

* change skia vk delegate to method

* update vulkan throwonerror

* addressed review

12 files changed, 236 insertions, 167 deletions

diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/ResultExtensions.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/ResultExtensions.cs
index b1326dbf..2a1cd229 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/ResultExtensions.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/ResultExtensions.cs
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
     {
         public static void ThrowOnError(this Result result)
         {
-            if (result != Result.Success)
+            // Only negative result codes are errors.
+            if ((int)result < (int)Result.Success)
             {
                 throw new Exception($"Unexpected API error \"{result}\".");
             }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanRenderTarget.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanRenderTarget.cs
index ba7ddc7a..70ec39c7 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanRenderTarget.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanRenderTarget.cs
@@ -1,26 +1,90 @@
 using System;
+using Avalonia;
 using Avalonia.Skia;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan.Surfaces;
+using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using SkiaSharp;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Backend.Vulkan
 {
     internal class VulkanRenderTarget : ISkiaGpuRenderTarget
     {
-        public GRContext GrContext { get; set; }
+        public GRContext GrContext { get; private set; }
 
         private readonly VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget _surface;
+        private readonly VulkanPlatformInterface _vulkanPlatformInterface;
         private readonly IVulkanPlatformSurface _vulkanPlatformSurface;
+        private GRVkBackendContext _grVkBackend;
 
         public VulkanRenderTarget(VulkanPlatformInterface vulkanPlatformInterface, IVulkanPlatformSurface vulkanPlatformSurface)
         {
             _surface = vulkanPlatformInterface.CreateRenderTarget(vulkanPlatformSurface);
+            _vulkanPlatformInterface = vulkanPlatformInterface;
             _vulkanPlatformSurface = vulkanPlatformSurface;
+
+            Initialize();
+        }
+
+        private void Initialize()
+        {
+            GRVkGetProcedureAddressDelegate getProc = GetVulkanProcAddress;
+
+            _grVkBackend = new GRVkBackendContext()
+            {
+                VkInstance = _surface.Device.Handle,
+                VkPhysicalDevice = _vulkanPlatformInterface.PhysicalDevice.Handle,
+                VkDevice = _surface.Device.Handle,
+                VkQueue = _surface.Device.Queue.Handle,
+                GraphicsQueueIndex = _vulkanPlatformInterface.PhysicalDevice.QueueFamilyIndex,
+                GetProcedureAddress = getProc
+            };
+
+            GrContext = GRContext.CreateVulkan(_grVkBackend);
+
+            var gpu = AvaloniaLocator.Current.GetService<VulkanSkiaGpu>();
+
+            if (gpu.MaxResourceBytes.HasValue)
+            {
+                GrContext.SetResourceCacheLimit(gpu.MaxResourceBytes.Value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private IntPtr GetVulkanProcAddress(string name, IntPtr instanceHandle, IntPtr deviceHandle)
+        {
+            IntPtr addr;
+
+            if (deviceHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                addr = _vulkanPlatformInterface.Api.GetDeviceProcAddr(new Device(deviceHandle), name);
+
+                if (addr != IntPtr.Zero)
+                {
+                    return addr;
+                }
+
+                addr = _vulkanPlatformInterface.Api.GetDeviceProcAddr(new Device(_surface.Device.Handle), name);
+
+                if (addr != IntPtr.Zero)
+                {
+                    return addr;
+                }
+            }
+
+            addr = _vulkanPlatformInterface.Api.GetInstanceProcAddr(new Instance(_vulkanPlatformInterface.Instance.Handle), name);
+
+            if (addr == IntPtr.Zero)
+            {
+                addr = _vulkanPlatformInterface.Api.GetInstanceProcAddr(new Instance(instanceHandle), name);
+            }
+
+            return addr;
         }
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
+            _grVkBackend.Dispose();
+            GrContext.Dispose();
             _surface.Dispose();
         }
 
@@ -45,20 +109,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Backend.Vulkan
                 {
                     GrContext.ResetContext();
 
+                    var image = _surface.GetImage();
+
                     var imageInfo = new GRVkImageInfo()
                     {
                         CurrentQueueFamily = disp.QueueFamilyIndex,
-                        Format = _surface.ImageFormat,
-                        Image = _surface.Image.Handle,
-                        ImageLayout = (uint)_surface.Image.CurrentLayout,
-                        ImageTiling = (uint)_surface.Image.Tiling,
+                        Format = (uint)image.Format,
+                        Image = image.Handle,
+                        ImageLayout = (uint)image.CurrentLayout,
+                        ImageTiling = (uint)image.Tiling,
                         ImageUsageFlags = _surface.UsageFlags,
                         LevelCount = _surface.MipLevels,
                         SampleCount = 1,
                         Protected = false,
                         Alloc = new GRVkAlloc()
                         {
-                            Memory = _surface.Image.MemoryHandle,
+                            Memory = image.MemoryHandle,
                             Flags = 0,
                             Offset = 0,
                             Size = _surface.MemorySize
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanSkiaGpu.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanSkiaGpu.cs
index 4fc6b929..a5c27086 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanSkiaGpu.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Skia/VulkanSkiaGpu.cs
@@ -13,71 +13,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Backend.Vulkan
     public class VulkanSkiaGpu : ISkiaGpu
     {
         private readonly VulkanPlatformInterface _vulkan;
-        private readonly long? _maxResourceBytes;
-        private GRVkBackendContext _grVkBackend;
-        private bool _initialized;
-
-        public GRContext GrContext { get; private set; }
+        public long? MaxResourceBytes { get; }
 
         public VulkanSkiaGpu(long? maxResourceBytes)
         {
             _vulkan = AvaloniaLocator.Current.GetService<VulkanPlatformInterface>();
-            _maxResourceBytes = maxResourceBytes;
-        }
-
-        private void Initialize()
-        {
-            if (_initialized)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            _initialized = true;
-            GRVkGetProcedureAddressDelegate getProc = (string name, IntPtr instanceHandle, IntPtr deviceHandle) =>
-            {
-                IntPtr addr = IntPtr.Zero;
-
-                if (deviceHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
-                {
-                    addr = _vulkan.Device.Api.GetDeviceProcAddr(new Device(deviceHandle), name);
-
-                    if (addr != IntPtr.Zero)
-                    {
-                        return addr;
-                    }
-
-                    addr = _vulkan.Device.Api.GetDeviceProcAddr(new Device(_vulkan.Device.Handle), name);
-
-                    if (addr != IntPtr.Zero)
-                    {
-                        return addr;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                addr = _vulkan.Device.Api.GetInstanceProcAddr(new Instance(_vulkan.Instance.Handle), name);
-
-                if (addr == IntPtr.Zero)
-                {
-                    addr = _vulkan.Device.Api.GetInstanceProcAddr(new Instance(instanceHandle), name);
-                }
-
-                return addr;
-            };
-
-            _grVkBackend = new GRVkBackendContext()
-            {
-                VkInstance = _vulkan.Device.Handle,
-                VkPhysicalDevice = _vulkan.PhysicalDevice.Handle,
-                VkDevice = _vulkan.Device.Handle,
-                VkQueue = _vulkan.Device.Queue.Handle,
-                GraphicsQueueIndex = _vulkan.PhysicalDevice.QueueFamilyIndex,
-                GetProcedureAddress = getProc
-            };
-            GrContext = GRContext.CreateVulkan(_grVkBackend);
-            if (_maxResourceBytes.HasValue)
-            {
-                GrContext.SetResourceCacheLimit(_maxResourceBytes.Value);
-            }
+            MaxResourceBytes = maxResourceBytes;
         }
 
         public ISkiaGpuRenderTarget TryCreateRenderTarget(IEnumerable<object> surfaces)
@@ -106,10 +47,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Backend.Vulkan
 
                 VulkanRenderTarget vulkanRenderTarget = new VulkanRenderTarget(_vulkan, window);
 
-                Initialize();
-
-                vulkanRenderTarget.GrContext = GrContext;
-
                 return vulkanRenderTarget;
             }
 
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Surfaces/VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Surfaces/VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget.cs
index b2b8843d..510e6724 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Surfaces/VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/Surfaces/VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using Avalonia;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan.Surfaces
@@ -7,24 +8,35 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan.Surfaces
     internal class VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget : IDisposable
     {
         private readonly VulkanPlatformInterface _platformInterface;
-
         private readonly Format _format;
 
-        public VulkanImage Image { get; private set; }
-        public bool IsCorrupted { get; private set; } = true;
+        private VulkanCommandBufferPool.VulkanCommandBuffer _commandBuffer;
+        private VulkanImage Image { get; set; }
+        private object _lock = new object();
 
         public uint MipLevels => Image.MipLevels;
+        public VulkanDevice Device { get; }
 
         public VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget(VulkanPlatformInterface platformInterface, VulkanSurface surface)
         {
             _platformInterface = platformInterface;
 
-            Display = VulkanDisplay.CreateDisplay(platformInterface.Instance, platformInterface.Device,
-                platformInterface.PhysicalDevice, surface);
+            var device = VulkanInitialization.CreateDevice(platformInterface.Api,
+                platformInterface.PhysicalDevice.InternalHandle,
+                platformInterface.PhysicalDevice.QueueFamilyIndex,
+                VulkanInitialization.GetSupportedExtensions(platformInterface.Api, platformInterface.PhysicalDevice.InternalHandle),
+                platformInterface.PhysicalDevice.QueueCount);
+
+            Device = new VulkanDevice(device, platformInterface.PhysicalDevice, platformInterface.Api);
+
+            Display = VulkanDisplay.CreateDisplay(
+                platformInterface.Instance,
+                Device,
+                platformInterface.PhysicalDevice,
+                surface);
             Surface = surface;
 
             // Skia seems to only create surfaces from images with unorm format
-
             IsRgba = Display.SurfaceFormat.Format >= Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm &&
                      Display.SurfaceFormat.Format <= Format.R8G8B8A8Srgb;
 
@@ -33,13 +45,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan.Surfaces
 
         public bool IsRgba { get; }
 
-        public uint ImageFormat => (uint) _format;
+        public uint ImageFormat => (uint)_format;
 
         public ulong MemorySize => Image.MemorySize;
 
-        public VulkanDisplay Display { get; }
+        public VulkanDisplay Display { get; private set; }
 
-        public VulkanSurface Surface { get; }
+        public VulkanSurface Surface { get; private set; }
 
         public uint UsageFlags => Image.UsageFlags;
 
@@ -47,46 +59,76 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan.Surfaces
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
-            _platformInterface.Device.WaitIdle();
-            DestroyImage();
-            Display?.Dispose();
-            Surface?.Dispose();
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                DestroyImage();
+                Display?.Dispose();
+                Surface?.Dispose();
+                Device?.Dispose();
+
+                Display = null;
+                Surface = null;
+            }
         }
 
         public VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession BeginDraw(float scaling)
         {
-            var session = new VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession(Display, _platformInterface.Device, this, scaling);
-
-            if (IsCorrupted)
+            if (Image == null)
             {
-                IsCorrupted = false;
-                DestroyImage();
-                CreateImage();
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                Image.TransitionLayout(ImageLayout.ColorAttachmentOptimal, AccessFlags.AccessNoneKhr);
+                RecreateImage();
             }
 
+            _commandBuffer?.WaitForFence();
+            _commandBuffer = null;
+
+            var session = new VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession(Display, Device, this, scaling);
+
+            Image.TransitionLayout(ImageLayout.ColorAttachmentOptimal, AccessFlags.AccessNoneKhr);
+
             return session;
         }
 
-        public void Invalidate()
+        public void RecreateImage()
         {
-            IsCorrupted = true;
+            DestroyImage();
+            CreateImage();
         }
 
         private void CreateImage()
         {
             Size = Display.Size;
 
-            Image = new VulkanImage(_platformInterface.Device, _platformInterface.PhysicalDevice, _platformInterface.Device.CommandBufferPool, ImageFormat, Size);
+            Image = new VulkanImage(Device, _platformInterface.PhysicalDevice, Display.CommandBufferPool, ImageFormat, Size);
         }
 
         private void DestroyImage()
         {
-            _platformInterface.Device.WaitIdle();
+            _commandBuffer?.WaitForFence();
+            _commandBuffer = null;
             Image?.Dispose();
+            Image = null;
+        }
+
+        public VulkanImage GetImage()
+        {
+            return Image;
+        }
+
+        public void EndDraw()
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                if (Display == null)
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                _commandBuffer = Display.StartPresentation();
+
+                Display.BlitImageToCurrentImage(this, _commandBuffer.InternalHandle);
+
+                Display.EndPresentation(_commandBuffer);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanCommandBufferPool.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanCommandBufferPool.cs
index 240035ca..a00ecf2b 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanCommandBufferPool.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanCommandBufferPool.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
         private readonly CommandPool _commandPool;
 
         private readonly List<VulkanCommandBuffer> _usedCommandBuffers = new();
+        private readonly object _lock = new object();
 
         public unsafe VulkanCommandBufferPool(VulkanDevice device, VulkanPhysicalDevice physicalDevice)
         {
@@ -36,9 +37,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
                 Level = CommandBufferLevel.Primary
             };
 
-            _device.Api.AllocateCommandBuffers(_device.InternalHandle, commandBufferAllocateInfo, out var commandBuffer);
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                _device.Api.AllocateCommandBuffers(_device.InternalHandle, commandBufferAllocateInfo, out var commandBuffer);
 
-            return commandBuffer;
+                return commandBuffer;
+            }
         }
 
         public VulkanCommandBuffer CreateCommandBuffer()
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
         public void FreeUsedCommandBuffers()
         {
-            lock (_usedCommandBuffers)
+            lock (_lock)
             {
                 foreach (var usedCommandBuffer in _usedCommandBuffers)
                 {
@@ -61,7 +65,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
         private void DisposeCommandBuffer(VulkanCommandBuffer commandBuffer)
         {
-            lock (_usedCommandBuffers)
+            lock (_lock)
             {
                 _usedCommandBuffers.Add(commandBuffer);
             }
@@ -69,8 +73,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
-            FreeUsedCommandBuffers();
-            _device.Api.DestroyCommandPool(_device.InternalHandle, _commandPool, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                FreeUsedCommandBuffers();
+                _device.Api.DestroyCommandPool(_device.InternalHandle, _commandPool, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
+            }
         }
 
         public class VulkanCommandBuffer : IDisposable
@@ -80,6 +87,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             private readonly Fence _fence;
             private bool _hasEnded;
             private bool _hasStarted;
+            private bool _isDisposed;
+            private object _lock = new object();
 
             public IntPtr Handle => InternalHandle.Handle;
 
@@ -101,6 +110,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
                 device.Api.CreateFence(device.InternalHandle, fenceCreateInfo, null, out _fence);
             }
 
+            public void WaitForFence()
+            {
+                if (_isDisposed)
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                lock (_lock)
+                {
+                    if (!_isDisposed)
+                    {
+                        _device.Api.WaitForFences(_device.InternalHandle, 1, _fence, true, ulong.MaxValue);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
             public void BeginRecording()
             {
                 if (!_hasStarted)
@@ -173,9 +198,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
             public void Dispose()
             {
-                _device.Api.WaitForFences(_device.InternalHandle, 1, _fence, true, ulong.MaxValue);
-                _device.Api.FreeCommandBuffers(_device.InternalHandle, _commandBufferPool._commandPool, 1, InternalHandle);
-                _device.Api.DestroyFence(_device.InternalHandle, _fence, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
+                lock (_lock)
+                {
+                    if (!_isDisposed)
+                    {
+                        _isDisposed = true;
+
+                        _device.Api.WaitForFences(_device.InternalHandle, 1, _fence, true, ulong.MaxValue);
+                        _device.Api.FreeCommandBuffers(_device.InternalHandle, _commandBufferPool._commandPool, 1, InternalHandle);
+                        _device.Api.DestroyFence(_device.InternalHandle, _fence, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDevice.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDevice.cs
index b03fd720..3d893e19 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDevice.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDevice.cs
@@ -14,12 +14,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
             api.GetDeviceQueue(apiHandle, physicalDevice.QueueFamilyIndex, 0, out var queue);
 
-            var vulkanQueue = new VulkanQueue(this, queue);
-            Queue = vulkanQueue;
+            Queue = new VulkanQueue(this, queue);
 
-            PresentQueue = vulkanQueue;
-
-            CommandBufferPool = new VulkanCommandBufferPool(this, physicalDevice);
+            PresentQueue = Queue;
         }
 
         public IntPtr Handle => InternalHandle.Handle;
@@ -29,13 +26,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
         public VulkanQueue Queue { get; private set; }
         public VulkanQueue PresentQueue { get; }
-        public VulkanCommandBufferPool CommandBufferPool { get; }
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
             WaitIdle();
-            CommandBufferPool?.Dispose();
             Queue = null;
+            Api.DestroyDevice(InternalHandle, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
         }
 
         internal void Submit(SubmitInfo submitInfo, Fence fence = default)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDisplay.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDisplay.cs
index bfe5b5a6..f3116fbd 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDisplay.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanDisplay.cs
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using Avalonia;
 using Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan.Surfaces;
-using Ryujinx.Ui.Common.Configuration;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR;
 
@@ -15,16 +14,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
         private readonly VulkanInstance _instance;
         private readonly VulkanPhysicalDevice _physicalDevice;
         private readonly VulkanSemaphorePair _semaphorePair;
+        private readonly VulkanDevice _device;
         private uint _nextImage;
         private readonly VulkanSurface _surface;
         private SurfaceFormatKHR _surfaceFormat;
         private SwapchainKHR _swapchain;
         private Extent2D _swapchainExtent;
         private Image[] _swapchainImages;
-        private VulkanDevice _device { get; }
-        private ImageView[] _swapchainImageViews = new ImageView[0];
+        private ImageView[] _swapchainImageViews = Array.Empty<ImageView>();
         private bool _vsyncStateChanged;
         private bool _vsyncEnabled;
+        private bool _surfaceChanged;
+
+        public event EventHandler Presented;
 
         public VulkanCommandBufferPool CommandBufferPool { get; set; }
 
@@ -73,6 +75,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             CommandBufferPool.Dispose();
         }
 
+        public bool IsSurfaceChanged()
+        {
+            var changed = _surfaceChanged;
+            _surfaceChanged = false;
+
+            return changed;
+        }
+
         private static unsafe SwapchainKHR CreateSwapchain(VulkanInstance instance, VulkanDevice device,
             VulkanPhysicalDevice physicalDevice, VulkanSurface surface, out Extent2D swapchainExtent,
             SwapchainKHR? oldswapchain = null, bool vsyncEnabled = true)
@@ -193,22 +203,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             }
 
             var modes = presentModes.ToList();
-            var presentMode = PresentModeKHR.PresentModeFifoKhr;
 
             if (!vsyncEnabled && modes.Contains(PresentModeKHR.PresentModeImmediateKhr))
             {
-                presentMode = PresentModeKHR.PresentModeImmediateKhr;
+                return PresentModeKHR.PresentModeImmediateKhr;
             }
             else if (modes.Contains(PresentModeKHR.PresentModeMailboxKhr))
             {
-                presentMode = PresentModeKHR.PresentModeMailboxKhr;
+                return PresentModeKHR.PresentModeMailboxKhr;
             }
-            else if (modes.Contains(PresentModeKHR.PresentModeImmediateKhr))
+            else if (modes.Contains(PresentModeKHR.PresentModeFifoKhr))
             {
-                presentMode = PresentModeKHR.PresentModeImmediateKhr;
+                return PresentModeKHR.PresentModeFifoKhr;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return PresentModeKHR.PresentModeImmediateKhr;
             }
-
-            return presentMode;
         }
 
         internal static VulkanDisplay CreateDisplay(VulkanInstance instance, VulkanDevice device,
@@ -266,6 +277,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             _swapchain = CreateSwapchain(_instance, _device, _physicalDevice, _surface, out _swapchainExtent, _swapchain, _vsyncEnabled);
 
             CreateSwapchainImages();
+
+            _surfaceChanged = true;
         }
 
         private unsafe ImageView CreateSwapchainImageView(Image swapchainImage, Format format)
@@ -306,7 +319,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             return true;
         }
 
-        internal VulkanCommandBufferPool.VulkanCommandBuffer StartPresentation(VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget renderTarget)
+        internal VulkanCommandBufferPool.VulkanCommandBuffer StartPresentation()
         {
             _nextImage = 0;
             while (true)
@@ -346,8 +359,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
         internal void BlitImageToCurrentImage(VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget renderTarget, CommandBuffer commandBuffer)
         {
+            var image = renderTarget.GetImage();
+
             VulkanMemoryHelper.TransitionLayout(_device, commandBuffer,
-                renderTarget.Image.InternalHandle.Value, (ImageLayout)renderTarget.Image.CurrentLayout,
+                image.InternalHandle.Value, (ImageLayout)image.CurrentLayout,
                 AccessFlags.AccessNoneKhr,
                 ImageLayout.TransferSrcOptimal,
                 AccessFlags.AccessTransferReadBit,
@@ -381,7 +396,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
                 }
             };
 
-            _device.Api.CmdBlitImage(commandBuffer, renderTarget.Image.InternalHandle.Value,
+            _device.Api.CmdBlitImage(commandBuffer, image.InternalHandle.Value,
                 ImageLayout.TransferSrcOptimal,
                 _swapchainImages[_nextImage],
                 ImageLayout.TransferDstOptimal,
@@ -390,9 +405,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
                 Filter.Linear);
 
             VulkanMemoryHelper.TransitionLayout(_device, commandBuffer,
-                renderTarget.Image.InternalHandle.Value, ImageLayout.TransferSrcOptimal,
+                image.InternalHandle.Value, ImageLayout.TransferSrcOptimal,
                 AccessFlags.AccessTransferReadBit,
-                (ImageLayout)renderTarget.Image.CurrentLayout,
+                (ImageLayout)image.CurrentLayout,
                 AccessFlags.AccessNoneKhr,
                 renderTarget.MipLevels);
         }
@@ -434,6 +449,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             }
 
             CommandBufferPool.FreeUsedCommandBuffers();
+
+            Presented?.Invoke(this, null);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanImage.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanImage.cs
index 343ba760..3fbb8665 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanImage.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanImage.cs
@@ -148,20 +148,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             _currentAccessFlags = destinationAccessFlags;
         }
 
-        public void TransitionLayout(uint destinationLayout, uint destinationAccessFlags)
+        public void Dispose()
         {
-            TransitionLayout((ImageLayout)destinationLayout, (AccessFlags)destinationAccessFlags);
-        }
-
-        public unsafe void Dispose()
-        {
-            _device.Api.DestroyImageView(_device.InternalHandle, _imageView.Value, null);
-            _device.Api.DestroyImage(_device.InternalHandle, InternalHandle.Value, null);
-            _device.Api.FreeMemory(_device.InternalHandle, _imageMemory, null);
+            if (InternalHandle != null)
+            {
+                _device.Api.DestroyImageView(_device.InternalHandle, _imageView.Value, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
+                _device.Api.DestroyImage(_device.InternalHandle, InternalHandle.Value, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
+                _device.Api.FreeMemory(_device.InternalHandle, _imageMemory, Span<AllocationCallbacks>.Empty);
 
-            _imageView = default;
-            InternalHandle = default;
-            _imageMemory = default;
+                _imageView = default;
+                InternalHandle = null;
+                _imageMemory = default;
+            }
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanInstance.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanInstance.cs
index a3a9ea61..b50e9c07 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanInstance.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanInstance.cs
@@ -57,8 +57,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             var applicationInfo = new ApplicationInfo
             {
                 PApplicationName = (byte*)applicationName,
-                ApiVersion = new Version32((uint)options.VulkanVersion.Major, (uint)options.VulkanVersion.Minor,
-                    (uint)options.VulkanVersion.Build),
+                ApiVersion = Vk.Version12.Value,
                 PEngineName = (byte*)engineName,
                 EngineVersion = new Version32(1, 0, 0),
                 ApplicationVersion = new Version32(1, 0, 0)
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanOptions.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanOptions.cs
index 8e836398..0027753c 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanOptions.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanOptions.cs
@@ -12,11 +12,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
         public string ApplicationName { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Specifies the Vulkan API version to use
-        /// </summary>
-        public Version VulkanVersion { get; set; } = new Version(1, 1, 0);
-
-        /// <summary>
         /// Specifies additional extensions to enable if available on the instance
         /// </summary>
         public IEnumerable<string> InstanceExtensions { get; set; } = Enumerable.Empty<string>();
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanPlatformInterface.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanPlatformInterface.cs
index 47a07949..ff8d9328 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanPlatformInterface.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanPlatformInterface.cs
@@ -18,13 +18,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
 
         public VulkanPhysicalDevice PhysicalDevice { get; private set; }
         public VulkanInstance Instance { get; }
-        public VulkanDevice Device { get; set; }
         public Vk Api { get; private set; }
         public VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget MainSurface { get; set; }
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
-            Device?.Dispose();
             Instance?.Dispose();
             Api?.Dispose();
         }
@@ -54,16 +52,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
         {
             var surface = VulkanSurface.CreateSurface(Instance, platformSurface);
 
-            if (Device == null)
+            if (PhysicalDevice == null)
             {
                 PhysicalDevice = VulkanPhysicalDevice.FindSuitablePhysicalDevice(Instance, surface, _options.PreferDiscreteGpu, _options.PreferredDevice);
-                var device = VulkanInitialization.CreateDevice(Instance.Api,
-                                                               PhysicalDevice.InternalHandle,
-                                                               PhysicalDevice.QueueFamilyIndex,
-                                                               VulkanInitialization.GetSupportedExtensions(Instance.Api, PhysicalDevice.InternalHandle),
-                                                               PhysicalDevice.QueueCount);
-
-                Device = new VulkanDevice(device, PhysicalDevice, Instance.Api);
             }
 
             var renderTarget = new VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget(this, surface);
@@ -71,7 +62,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
             if (MainSurface == null && surface != null)
             {
                 MainSurface = renderTarget;
-                MainSurface.Display.ChangeVSyncMode(false);
             }
 
             return renderTarget;
diff --git a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession.cs b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession.cs
index 8833ede5..71f5f18a 100644
--- a/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession.cs
+++ b/Ryujinx.Ava/Ui/Backend/Vulkan/VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession.cs
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
     {
         private readonly VulkanDevice _device;
         private readonly VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget _renderTarget;
-        private VulkanCommandBufferPool.VulkanCommandBuffer _commandBuffer;
 
         public VulkanSurfaceRenderingSession(VulkanDisplay display, VulkanDevice device,
             VulkanSurfaceRenderTarget renderTarget, float scaling)
@@ -32,17 +31,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Ava.Ui.Vulkan
         {
             if (!Display.EnsureSwapchainAvailable())
             {
-                _renderTarget.Invalidate();
+                _renderTarget.RecreateImage();
             }
         }
 
         public void Dispose()
         {
-            _commandBuffer = Display.StartPresentation(_renderTarget);
-
-            Display.BlitImageToCurrentImage(_renderTarget, _commandBuffer.InternalHandle);
-
-            Display.EndPresentation(_commandBuffer);
+            _renderTarget.EndDraw();
         }
     }
 }